The cultivation of Agaricus blazei three-grade strains typically relies on wheat kernels as the primary raw material. However, in actual production, a high pollution rate or abnormal growth has been observed. This is often due to non-standardized strain production practices. To address these issues and improve success rates, this guide outlines specific techniques and operational standards for farmers and growers to follow.
1. **Raw Material Preparation**: Cow manure should be sifted and mixed with water in a 1:1.2 ratio. The mixture is then fermented and turned daily. After about 20 days, the cow manure powder turns brown and emits a normal fermented odor. It is then dried and set aside. Wheat grains must be thoroughly soaked, drained, and dried in a shaded, well-ventilated area. Once the outer layer is dry, they are lightly misted to maintain moisture. After 24 hours, germination begins. When the sprouts reach 1–2 cm, the wheat is ready for use.
If the wheat has been worm-eaten, it can still be used, but the damaged grains may have holes that cause starch to leak out. These grains should be washed several times, then soaked in lime water (pH 8–9) for 6 hours. After about 20 minutes, when there is no white core left, the grains are rinsed with cold water and ready for use.
2. **Basic Formula**:
- Wheat grains (dry weight): 100 kg
- Cow dung powder: 30 kg
- Gypsum: 1 kg
- Calcium carbonate: 1.5 kg
3. **Substrate Mixing**: Mix wheat grains with cow dung powder in a 1:0.2 ratio, and add other additives simultaneously. Ensure the cow dung fully adheres to the wheat grains. Any remaining cow dung is kept for later use.
4. **Bottling Process**: For small-scale production, standard bottles are not always used. Instead, 500 ml infusion bottles are commonly used to reduce costs. First, a 1–1.5 cm layer of cow dung is placed at the bottom of the bottle, followed by the wheat grains. Fill the bottle up to 1 cm below the neck, then add 1–2 pieces of cow dung powder. Use an "L"-shaped tool to flatten and compact the mixture before inserting a tampon.
5. **Sterilization and Cooling**: Autoclave the filled bottles at 0.15 MPa for 2–2.5 hours. Once pressure drops to zero, remove the bottles and move them to a cooling room or inoculation chamber. Disinfect the space 3 days in advance using a disinfectant solution. Inoculate once the temperature drops to 30°C.
6. **Inoculation Procedure**: Spray the room with Saibai 09 solution, then wipe the original culture with 75% alcohol. Wait 10 minutes before starting the inoculation. Each 500 ml bottle can be inoculated with more than 40 cultures.
7. **Mycelium Cultivation**: Clean the culture room in advance and spray it with a disinfectant. After 2 days of confinement, sprinkle lime powder on the floor and transfer the inoculated bottles. Maintain a temperature around 25°C, not exceeding 28°C. If necessary, lower the temperature to 22°C by placing the bottles in groundwater. Use bricks to elevate the bottles and cover them with plastic sheets. Change the water 1–2 times daily to keep the bottles cool. Apply a disinfectant every 3 days, alternating between Silly silage and Saibai 09. If mushrooms or flies appear, spray with high-efficiency cypermethrin to eliminate them.
8. **Contamination Control**: On the third day after inoculation, check for contamination. Remove any bottles with non-Agaricus mycelium or Streptomyces infection. Use a sealed bag to carefully extract the contaminated material. For general bacterial contamination, spray the affected area and reuse the bottle after drying. For Clostridium contamination, isolate and destroy the bottles. Before reusing empty bottles, heat them above 70°C, scald with hot water, and wash thoroughly.
9. **Temporary Storage**: After 35–45 days, the strains will be ready for use. Store unused strains at low temperatures, ideally 2–4°C.
10. **Quality Inspection**: Healthy Agaricus bisporus mycelium is thick, white, and grows in a fan-like pattern with fine hyphae. The "2796" strain, which is semi-aerobic, shows consistent and vigorous growth. No yellow or white bacteria should be present. If the mycelium appears thin, discolored, or shows signs of fungal elimination, it is likely contaminated. Other signs of poor quality include dark spots, strong odors, or the presence of pests. If the mycelium is weak, yellowish, or shows uneven growth, it may indicate improper soaking, high temperature, or aging. Such strains should not be used for planting.
Feed Additives Fruit Powder,Echinacea Purpurea Extract,Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Dextran,Polyphenols Echinacea Purpurea Extract
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