In summer, high temperatures can significantly impact the performance and longevity of your vehicle's engine and other critical systems. One of the most common issues is overheating. When the engine becomes too hot, especially if it has been running for a while, you should never immediately add coolant. Doing so could cause thermal shock, leading to cracks in the cylinder head or block. The correct approach is to turn off the engine, let it idle at a low speed for a few minutes until the temperature drops to around 70°C, and then slowly add clean coolant.
Overloading the engine during hot weather not only raises the temperature more quickly but also puts extra stress on internal components. To avoid this, it's advisable to keep the load at about 90% of the maximum capacity, reserving 10% as a buffer for sudden increases in resistance, such as when climbing hills or working in tough terrain.
Another important point is the use of appropriate fuel and lubricants. High temperatures reduce the viscosity of engine oil, so using a higher-viscosity oil in summer helps maintain proper lubrication. Additionally, selecting diesel with a suitable freeze point for the local climate ensures better performance and cost efficiency.
Tire pressure is another factor that needs attention. As temperatures fluctuate between day and night, the air inside tires expands, increasing pressure. This can lead to tire blowouts, which are dangerous and costly. To prevent this, inflate tires 5-7% less than in winter, and never exceed the recommended pressure.
Engine scale buildup is also a concern. A thick layer of scale in the cooling system reduces heat dissipation by up to 40%, causing overheating, reduced power, and potential damage to the fuel injectors. Regular cleaning of the cooling system is essential to maintain efficient operation.
The fan belt can become loose in high heat, leading to slippage and increased wear. Adjusting the tension slightly above the standard value during summer helps maintain proper belt function.
Hydraulic brake systems are vulnerable to air pockets in hot weather. This can reduce braking efficiency and compromise safety. Ensuring the brake fluid is full, checking for leaks, and bleeding the system when necessary are crucial steps.
Fuel system air resistance is another issue. High temperatures increase fuel evaporation, especially in gasoline engines, which can create vapor locks. Diesel engines may also suffer from air in the fuel lines due to leaks. Keeping the fuel system sealed and free of leaks is key, and if air resistance occurs, the system should be bled properly.
Battery maintenance is vital in summer. High heat and humidity can cause excessive gas buildup, potentially leading to battery rupture. Regularly checking and cleaning the battery terminals, removing oxidation, and applying grease after reinstallation can prevent electrical failures and ensure reliable starting.
Lastly, maintaining proper electrolyte levels in the battery is essential. High temperatures accelerate evaporation, causing the liquid level to drop and exposing the plates, which can lead to sulfation and damage. Checking the electrolyte level frequently and topping it up with distilled water helps preserve battery life and performance.
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