Vegetable Insect Net Coverage Cultivation Supporting Measures

Insect net covering is widely used in the production of leafy vegetables in urban suburbs. This technique helps mitigate the negative effects of high temperatures, heavy rains, diseases, and pests during summer and autumn, ultimately enhancing the quality of the produce. To ensure its effectiveness, several key practices should be implemented. First, thorough field cleaning is essential. Before sowing, remove all plant residues and weeds to reduce pest populations. Also, clear weeds both inside and around the netting area to prevent pest eggs from falling into the net and hatching, which could lead to infestations. Second, soil disinfection plays a crucial role. Before covering the nets, spray the surface with chlorpyrifos or dichlorvos after deep plowing to eliminate any pests present in the soil. Third, selecting the right vegetable varieties is important. Cabbage, spinach, lettuce, parsley, cauliflower, radishes, leeks, onions, and garlic are particularly suitable for insect net cultivation during summer and autumn, as they are prone to pests and diseases. The greenhouse environment tends to have higher humidity and temperatures 2-4°C higher than outside. Therefore, it's best to choose heat-, moisture-, and disease-resistant varieties. Planting the same variety at the same time within the net house simplifies management and reduces the risk of pest and disease spread. Fourth, proper water drainage is necessary. In hot and humid summers, vegetables under the net are more vulnerable. In areas with high groundwater levels or heavy rainfall, deep ditch planting is recommended to maintain optimal moisture levels and reduce the risk of pest and disease outbreaks. Fifth, full coverage of the net house is advised. While insect nets are commonly used in summer and autumn, in southern regions with less snow in winter, it’s beneficial to cover the net house year-round. This not only protects against pests but also helps shield crops from frost in spring and autumn. Sixth, effective shed management is vital. The structure should be sturdy, with strong posts to withstand wind and snow. The ideal size of a net house ranges between 1335 and 2670 square meters to prevent damage from strong winds. Doors should be closed regularly, and the nets should be inspected frequently for tears, which need prompt repair. Leaves should be kept at a distance from the nets to prevent pests from laying eggs on them. Pests may be attracted to the nets, so regular cleaning is essential. Lastly, integrated pest management is key. Focus on prevention and target specific pests when control is needed. Use biopesticides whenever possible, and apply chemical pesticides like Bt, avermectin, pyrethroids, and insect hormones selectively. Limit the use of organophosphorus pesticides and strictly follow safety intervals. Natural predators such as ladybugs, lacewings, and parasitic wasps can also help manage pests effectively within the net house.

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