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Greenhouse crops are cultivated in an optimal environment, which gives them a strong growth potential. To achieve high-quality yields, it's essential to ensure a sufficient and balanced supply of nutrients. For example, producing 10,000 kilograms of cucumber fruits requires 2.5–3.0% soil organic matter, along with 27.3 kg of available nitrogen, 13.0 kg of phosphorus, and 34.7 kg of potassium, plus a proper balance of trace elements. Enhancing soil fertility, promoting nutrient balance, and increasing the production potential of greenhouse soils are fundamental steps toward achieving high yields and superior quality in vegetables. But how can we effectively boost fertility?
The first step is to focus on the use of biological bacterial fertilizers. While total soil potassium and phosphorus levels per acre may reach 180 kg and 120 kg respectively, up to 80–90% of these nutrients remain unavailable for direct crop uptake. Applying compound fertilizers can speed up the breakdown and transformation of organic residues and insoluble minerals like phosphorus and potassium. Adding microbial-based fertilizers, such as konjac bio-fertilizers, is a smart and sustainable choice for reducing chemical fertilizer use. When combined with new greenhouse soil maturation techniques and multiple applications of bio-fertilizers, this practice has proven highly effective: applying 7.5–10 kg of high-quality organic bio-fertilizer results in stronger plant growth, more fruit set, longer harvesting periods, and long-term benefits throughout the growing season.
The second key strategy is to increase the maturity of organic fertilizers. This is the foundation of soil improvement, as organic fertilizers provide a complete range of nutrients. In greenhouse vegetable production, they not only supply all the necessary nutrients for plant growth but also play a crucial role in boosting yield, activating soil nutrients, and improving soil structure. However, it's important that organic fertilizers are fully decomposed—using composting methods can help accelerate this process. If not properly broken down, they may negatively affect the plants instead of benefiting them.
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