Figs thrive in a warm, sunny, and humid environment. They are drought-tolerant but prefer well-drained, fertile, and moist sandy soil. However, they are also quite adaptable and can grow well in various soil types, including heavy lime soil, acidic red soil, and alluvial clay. This versatility makes them a great choice for different growing conditions.
When growing figs in pots, it's important to repot them every year before the spring buds begin to form. A suitable potting mix consists of 8 parts garden soil, 1 part sand, and 1 part dried manure, along with some hoof meal or other organic base materials to enrich the soil. During the growing season, you can water the plants with diluted cake fertilizer every two weeks, and apply a liquid made from cooked hemp or cake residue once a month. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged—water only when the top layer feels dry.
After the first frost in winter, bring the potted figs indoors and place them in a cool room with temperatures between 3–5°C. Water them sparingly during this time, about once or twice a month, to avoid overwatering and root rot.
For potted figs, it’s best to keep the plant height around 30 cm. Regular pruning is essential to maintain shape and promote bushiness. Prune in early spring, ideally in March. When seedlings reach 40–50 cm, cut them back to 30 cm. As axillary buds develop, select the top 3–5 shoots as main branches and remove the rest. In July, perform another topping to prevent leggy growth. The following spring, trim the branches to 12–15 cm. When new shoots appear, leave 2–3 buds on each main branch and remove the rest. After these two pruning sessions, the tree will have a compact, full, and attractive shape.
Figs are commonly propagated through cuttings, usually done in the summer. Select healthy one-year-old shoots and cut them into 15–20 cm sections. Roots typically develop within a month, after which the cuttings can be transplanted into pots or the garden.
Common pests and diseases affecting figs include anthracnose, root cancer, and pests like aphids and scale insects. You can refer to the same pest control methods used for other flowering plants that suffer from similar infestations. Regular inspection and timely treatment are key to keeping your figs healthy and productive.
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