Figs thrive in a warm, sunny, and humid environment. They are drought-tolerant but prefer well-drained, fertile, and moist sandy soil. However, they are quite adaptable and can grow successfully in various soil types, including heavy lime soil, acidic red soil, and alluvial clay.
When growing figs in pots, it's important to repot them each year before the early spring buds appear. A suitable potting mix consists of 8 parts garden soil, 1 part sand, 1 part dried manure, and a small amount of hoof meal or other organic base fertilizer. During the growing season, you can apply cake water every two weeks, and use cooked hemp sauce or cake residue once a month. Keep the potting soil consistently moist, watering only when the top layer feels dry.
After the first frost in winter, bring the potted figs indoors and place them in a cool room with temperatures between 3-5°C. Water them sparingly during winter—once or twice a month should be sufficient.
For optimal growth, keep the plant height around 30 cm. Regular pruning is essential. Prune in early spring, typically in March. When the seedlings reach 40-50 cm, cut them back to 30 cm. Once axillary buds develop to about 3 cm below the main stem, select the top 3-5 shoots as the main branches and remove the rest. In July of the same year, perform another topping to prevent leggy growth. The following spring, prune again, cutting back to 12-15 cm. When new shoots emerge 3 cm long, leave 2-3 buds on each main branch and remove the rest. This two-step pruning process helps create a compact, bushy, and more attractive tree shape.
Figs are commonly propagated through cuttings, usually done in the summer. Select one-year-old healthy shoots and cut them into 15–20 cm sections. After about a month, roots will begin to form, and the cuttings can then be transplanted into pots or the garden.
Common pests and diseases affecting figs include anthracnose, root cancer, and pests like aphids and scale insects. You can refer to the same liquid sprays used for similar issues in other flowering plants for effective control.
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