Breeding ewes plays a crucial role in the overall health and growth of the flock. Proper nutrition is one of the most important factors that determine whether the flock can thrive and improve in quality. Breeding ewes must not only grow and develop well, but also have high fertility, be able to conceive normally, produce healthy lambs, and ensure good growth and survival rates for the young. To achieve these goals, it's essential to provide proper feeding and management during key stages: pre-breeding, pregnancy, and lactation.
The pre-breeding period focuses on ensuring that ewes are in optimal body condition, which helps them go into estrus, ovulate, and conceive properly. Nutrition during this time is critical for normal reproductive function. Therefore, it's recommended to implement short-term superior feeding 1 to 1.5 months before mating. This ensures the ewes receive enough protein, minerals, and vitamins to maintain good body condition, leading to earlier estrus, more ovulations, and a more concentrated lambing season, which increases conception and multiple birth rates.
The gestation period for ewes lasts about 5 months, with the first three months being the early pregnancy stage. During this time, the ewe needs adequate nutrients to support both her own development and the growing fetus. It's important to balance the diet to meet the nutritional demands of both the mother and the developing lamb.
The second trimester, or the last two months of pregnancy, is when the fetus grows rapidly—about 90% of its weight is gained during this time. The fetus’s bones, muscles, skin, and internal organs develop quickly, requiring higher-quality feed. A diet rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals should be provided, including green forage, hay, soybean meal, bone meal, and salt. Each ewe should receive 0.25–0.5 kg of mixed feed daily. If ewes are undernourished in the later stages of pregnancy, the lambs may be born weak, with poor immunity and low survival rates.
After giving birth, ewes are usually weak and require increased feeding to regain strength and produce enough milk for their lambs. High-quality, easily digestible feeds are essential during lactation to support milk production and recovery. At the start of lactation, the focus is on maintaining normal milk production and providing careful attention to both the ewes and lambs. Ewes with multiple lambs need extra care and more nutritious feed. Lactation typically lasts 30 to 45 days, and during this time, the ewe's body uses stored nutrients, leading to weight loss. Feeding conditions directly affect milk output, so it's important to provide the best possible diet. A typical daily ration includes 2 kg of succulent feed and 0.25 kg of mixed feed. As lactation decreases, the nutritional level should gradually be reduced, and the amount of mixed feed should be controlled accordingly.
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