Dendrobium cultivation techniques

Dendrobium nobile lindl (Dendrobium nobile lindl.) or a variety of plants belonging to the same name, flat gold oysters, hanging orchids, stems medicine. Cold, sweet, with Yiwei Sheng Jin, Ziyin heat and other effects. For the treatment of vaginal injury Yin, dry mouth, thirst, eat less retching embolism. Production is also distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong, Guizhou, Yunnan, Jiangxi and Sichuan.

(I) Morphological characteristics

Herbs perennial, 20-50 cm tall, with white aerial roots. Stem erect, tufted, yellow-green, slightly flat, grooved, articulate. Leaves alternate, sessile, leathery, narrowly elliptic, leaf sheath amplexicaul. The racemes are quite pediculous, with florets 2-3, flowers white, apex slightly lavender; capsule elliptic, with 4-6 ribs; seeds numerous, small. Flowering from May to June, fruiting period of 78 months.

(B) Growth habits

Shi Xixi grows in a warm, humid, semi-yin, and half-yang environment. It grows better in subtropical deep mountain and old forest where annual rainfall is more than 1000 mm, air humidity is more than 80%, and January average temperature is higher than 8°C. Not very strict, the wild grows on the loose and thick bark or trunk, and some grow in the stone seam.

At the end of spring and early summer each year, inflorescences are extracted from the upper stems of the two-year-old stems. After flowering, new shoots develop from stem bases to stems, which fall into the dormant period in autumn and winter.

(III) Cultivation Technology

1. Selection of land and soil preparation According to its growth habits, Shiyin cultivation site should be selected half-yin and half-yang environment, air humidity is above 80%, and winter temperatures are above 0°C. Artificially controllable environments are also available. Tree species should be yellow ash, pear, eucalyptus, etc. The bark should be thick, with vertical grooves, watery, leafy, and thick trunks. The stones should also be in cool, humid areas. Stones should have moss growth and a small amount of humus on the surface.

2. The propagation method is mainly based on the ramification method.

Dendrobium planting generally takes place in the spring, because of the high humidity in spring and the gradual increase of rainfall, planting is easy to survive. Select a robust, pest-free sarcophagus, cut off the old stem for more than 3 years for medicinal purposes, and use a new stem for breeding in the next year. During the breeding period, the elders' roots were subtracted and left 2-3 cm. The seed pods were separated. Each gram contained 2-3 stems, which were then planted. Stone-planting and sticking trees were used for planting.

(1) The stone is planted on the selected stones, and the recesses are cut at a spacing of 30 cm. A thin layer of cow manure and mud is used to plug the stone holes or stone troughs at the seed pods, striving to keep them from falling off. Yes, small stones can be fixed.

(2) Paste the trees on the selected tree, cut a portion of the bark by 30-40 centimeters on the tree, apply a thin layer of cow dung and mud mixture to the species, and then insert it into the broken skin or the tree longitudinal groove Attach the bark tightly, cover with a layer of straw, and tie it with a bamboo basket.

3. Field management

(1) Watering stone plants should be watered and moisturized when the humidity of the air is too low at the late stage of planting. The sprayer can be used to spray the water in the form of spray.

(2) Top-dressing Dendrobium herbicide should pay attention to topdressing. The first time before and after Qingming, nitrogenous fertilizer was used to mix pig cow dung and river mud. The second time before and after the beginning of winter, peanut butter, rapeseed cake, superphosphate, etc. were added to the river to mix and paste in the roots. In addition, the top dressing was still available.

(3) Adjusting the degree of canopy closure The denudation site of Dendrobium is about 60%. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly trim the periphyton trees to avoid overshadowing or canopy closure.

(4) Pruning Every spring before the new round, the old stems are harvested and the dry stems are cut off, and the diseased stems, weak stems, and diseased roots are removed. After 6-8 years, the growth status of the clumps is turned upside down. Re-branching.

4. Pest control

(l) Lesions caused by black spot of Dendrobium officinalis leaves wilted and occur from March to May. Control methods: 50% carbendazim 1000 times spray l-2 times.

(2) Dendrobium officinalis damages leaves and stems, and the affected leaves appear brown or black lesions, which occur from January to May. Control methods: Spray 2-3 times with 50% carbendazim 1000 dilutions or 50% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times.

(3) Dendrobium symmetry on the edge or backside of plant leaves, sucking sap, and the hatching period in late May. Control methods: can use 40% dimethoate emulsion 1000 times liquid spray to kill or concentrated in the old branch of the shield burned.

(4) Harvesting and processing

1. Harvesting Before the end of spring, sprouts are harvested each year. When harvesting, stems of more than three years old are cut and left with tender stems to allow them to continue growing.

2. There are different processing methods for different types of products and medicinal herbs. There are two methods:

(l) The collected stems should be washed and sediment removed, and the leaves and fibrous roots should be removed. Individual stems should be separated, put in hot water at 85°C for 1-2 minutes, picked up and spread on bamboo mats or cement fields. When it is dry to 50% dry, remove it by hand, spread the sun, and pay attention to frequent turning, until it is dry enough.

(2) The washed stone coffin can also be put into boiling water for 5 minutes, remove and air dry, set on the bamboo mat to expose to the sun, flip 2-3 times a day, when it is soft to the sun, the side of the sun is drying, repeatedly The remaining to the net remaining leaf sheath, and then dry enough to dry.

Dendrobium candidum cultivation techniques

The Dendrobium candidum cultivation technology can be divided into four aspects: selection of host, breeding, field management, and pest control.

1. Select the main tree to be planted with broad-leaved tree species with thick bark, lots of moisture, dense tree crowns, and vertical grooves in the bark; stones selected to be rough, easy to absorb moisture, and stones with humus or moss on the surface; For cultivation, choose a high 15cm high box with brick or stone under a relatively damp and wet forest. Mix the humus, fine sand and gravel and mix it in the box. Put a 100 to 120cm high awning on the box surface. .

2. Propagation can be used for ramets cuttings and high bud propagation, mainly for the propagation of ramets. Select 1 or 2 years old, bright green, more germinating, well-developed roots, and pest-free plants as seedlings, cut off long fibrous roots, cut the stalks and divide them into small bundles, each with 5 to 7 leaves Stems can be planted.

3. Field management

3.1 weeding and fertilizing

Weeding should be done twice a year, usually before and after each spring equinox until clearing and beginning of winter, to remove weeds and litter, and combine weeding for top dressing.

3.2 Adjust shadowing

For tree-planting, the dense branches of the host plants should be cut off in the winter and spring. In the arbor cultivation, the arbours should be opened in the winter to transmit light.

3.3 Pruning

When sprouting or harvesting each spring, some old branches or dead branches, as well as dense stems, should be cut off to promote the growth of new shoots.

3.4 flip pocket

Turn over the bag according to the growing conditions, remove the dried roots and old roots, carry out the ramets, and cultivate them separately to promote plant growth.

4. Pest control

Common pests are snails, which harm young shoots, young leaves, buds, and young fruit. They can be killed by hand, baited or killed by lime.

Studies on the reproduction of Dendrobium candidum have made some progress in China, but how to transplant sterile seedlings into the natural environment is a major challenge. The seed associating method proposed by some people is very useful for solving this problem, that is, using the symbiotic characteristics of the fungus and the root system to find fungi that are favorable for the seed germination, so that the seed has a good microenvironment after germination, which is favorable for strong seedlings and transplantation.

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