The lodging of wheat is mainly caused by stem fall. The stems are caused by excessive sowing of wheat, excessive application of fertilizer and water, resulting in excessive basal internodes, weak stalks, and poor toughness. The lodging of wheat has a greater impact on yield and quality. Therefore, the production should start from the autumn species to prevent the occurrence of wheat lodging.
First, the autumn crops should be sowed at a timely and appropriate level to implement fine-seed and semi-finished sowing techniques to increase the yield with reasonable density, large spikes, multiple grains, and grain weight. To prevent too early sowing, too much sowing caused excessive delivery. The general sowing date is from October 1 to 15 and the seeding rate is controlled at 7.5 to 10 kilograms due to the difference in breeder tiller and planting ability. After the appropriate sowing date, the fine sowing should not be carried out. The amount of 0.25 to 0.5 kg, but not more than 20 kg.
Second, the total number of stems per acre in winter before sowing too early, sowing too much, before the winter wheat per acre total number of more than 800,000 have the possibility of lodging.
Anti-fall measures: For the wheat fields that are likely to fall flat, deep cultivating and cutting off the roots. Cut off part of the root system, reduce nutrient and water absorption, inhibit the growth of tillers, and increase the lodging resistance of wheat. The second is pressure wheat. Before and after noon in the sunny days, stone shoots or repressors used to suppress wheat seedlings were not allowed in the early morning, frost or cloudy days, because the wheat seedlings were firm and brittle, and severely broken.
Third, forecasting and management in the spring is predicted from the seedling volume. The spring wheat field with a maximum of more than 1 million in delivery in the spring can easily cause field closure, poor ventilation and light transmission, weak internodes at the base, and low stalk support, which may cause lodging. The second is to predict from the appearance of the leaves. When the wheat rose to the jointing stage, the leaves were dark green, and the leaves were covered with hypertrophy. When the length of the undercoat was more than 1/3 of that of the whole leaf, there was a possibility of lodging. The third is to predict the species characteristics. Longer basal stems between the first and second stalks, with weak stalks and poor toughness, tend to fall down. The fourth is to predict the management of fertilizer and water. Fertilizers are abundant or even excessive. In particular, excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers causes wheat to grow long, internodes, and fine wheat fields with a risk of lodging. Fifth, when the water is poured or the water is poured during the filling period, it may cause the roots to fall.
Anti-fall measures: First, cultivating deep-middle cultivars in fields that may be lodging. Usually before returning to green or returning to the beginning of the green period, part of the root system is cut off, nutrients and water absorption are reduced, ineffective delivery is suppressed, the effective internodes of the tiller are controlled to lengthen, and the lodging resistance of wheat is improved. The second is a reasonable fertilization watering. For wheat fields that are at risk of lodging, increasing phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and shifting nitrogen fertilizers, the watering time for topdressing can be postponed until the jointing stage. The third is early control. For wheat fields that are likely to be lodging, use 15% paclobutrazol for 40 to 50 grams per acre, or 5% uniconazole for 30 to 40 grams, or 25% for mezinogen 15 to 20 milliliters before watering. ~ 40 kg evenly sprayed wheat seedlings. Note that the control of wheat must be carried out before the jointing. After the jointing, the preventive effect should not be obtained.
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