The cub, a small oyster, is raised to about 150 grams with a body weight of approximately 10 grams. The quail species, on the other hand, is a larger variety that typically weighs around 150 grams and does not exceed 400 grams. This stage is crucial in pupa production, as it directly impacts the success of future breeding. In greenhouses, rapid breeding and production of pups and clams are carried out during the cold seasons of winter and spring. To ensure successful growth, the following steps must be carefully followed.
(1) Stocking Density: When juvenile weight reaches over 10 grams, it enters the juvenile rearing phase. At this point, stocking density should be adjusted based on the table provided below:
| Cub Weight (g) | Density (per square meter) | Monthly Average Body Weight (kg/m²) | Water Depth (cm) |
|----------------|----------------------------|-------------------------------------|------------------|
| 10 | 10 | 70 | 10–15 |
| 11 | 22 | 65 | 10–15 |
| 12 | 35 | 60 | 15–20 |
| 1 | 48 | 55 | 15–20 |
| 2 | 75 | 40 | 20–25 |
| 3 | 100 | 35 | 25–35 |
| 4 | 150 | 30 | 35–45 |
| 5 | 200 | 25 | 45–55 |
| 6 | 250 | 20 | 55–70 |
(2) Feeding Requirements: While feeding requirements for feed calves and pupas are not as strict as for juveniles, they become more demanding as the animals grow. Therefore, maintaining high-quality feed and proper feeding techniques remains essential. The "four principles" of feeding still apply. Juveniles and quails should be fed high-quality larvae or compound feeds. Before feeding, the feed can be processed in two ways, with soft granules increasing in particle size from 3.0–3.5 mm up to 5 mm. When processing larger quantities, some vegetable juice can be added to boost vitamin content. Daily feeding amounts increase with body weight, but the feeding rate decreases accordingly. The feeding rates are divided into three levels: 3.0%-3.5% for 11-50 grams, 2.5%-3.0% for 51-150 grams, and 2.0%-2.5% for 150-250 grams. Adjustments should be made every 10 days based on weight gain, and all food should be consumed within 3–4 hours after feeding.
(3) Daily Management: Pupa and puppy management is similar to general livestock care. Key practices include:
1. Temperature Control: Maintain a temperature of 30°C and a room temperature of 32–33°C. Since earthworms breathe through their skin, indoor humidity should stay between 65–75%. If humidity exceeds 90%, food intake decreases, and disease risk increases.
2. Water Level and Quality Control: As individuals grow, water depth in Dianchi Lake should also increase. Controlling water quality is vital in greenhouse grasshopper farming. High-protein residues and earthworm waste decompose at 30°C, leading to spoilage, blackened sand, and foul-smelling water, which hinders growth. Measures include aeration to increase dissolved oxygen, siphoning wastewater daily, and regularly adding fresh water to maintain clean conditions.
3. Disease Prevention: Common diseases in pupa and flea breeding include skin perforation, red soleplate disease, male precocious puberty, and genital extension. For prevention and treatment methods, refer to the section “Caries Prevention and Treatment.â€
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