First, choose a seedbed location that is sheltered from the wind, sunny, and has good drainage and irrigation facilities. To make it easier to transport seedlings, the seedbed should be close to the transplanting area. This helps reduce stress on young plants during relocation.
Second, prepare nutrient-rich soil by selecting a mix high in organic matter, with good aeration, water retention, and fertility. Avoid using soil that has been fertilized for cotton. Mix 4 parts of fully decomposed manure with 6 parts of soil, then sieve the mixture. Add 0.5 kg of a compound fertilizer containing 15% nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium per 50 kg of soil, along with a small amount of bactericide. Be careful not to over-fertilize, as this could burn the seedlings. Make sure the soil is thoroughly mixed and ready for bagging.
Third, select appropriate nutrition bags—sizes like 10 cm x 12 cm or 12 cm x 14 cm are ideal. One mu of land requires approximately 3,000 to 4,000 nutrition bags. Fill each bag with the prepared nutrient soil and gently press it down to ensure good contact with the roots.
Fourth, perform fine sowing. (a) Seed treatment: Before planting, coat seeds with 40% seed dressing powder at 0.8% of the dry seed weight. Dry the seeds, then soak and germinate them while ensuring proper sterilization. (b) Sowing: On a sunny morning, first irrigate the seedbed. Use a wooden stick to create a 2 cm diameter hole, 1.5 cm deep, in the center of each nutrition bag. Place 2–3 seeds in each hole and cover them with 1.5–2 cm of nutrient soil. Keep the topsoil moist to promote quick germination and healthy seedling growth. (c) Bag placement: The seedbed can be semi-buried, with the width adjusted based on the type of land and number of nursery bags. After placing the bags, spread some loose soil or sand on the bottom of the bed, level the bags, and create a 1-meter wide path between them for easy access and management.
Fifth, manage the seedbed effectively. (a) Water regulation: In open fields, maintain consistent moisture to prevent tall, weak seedlings. In greenhouses, moderate watering improves air circulation, increases soil temperature, and encourages strong root development. (b) Preventing leggy growth: To avoid tall, weak seedlings, spray salicylamine (1010-6 concentration) on the leaves. This promotes thicker roots and reduces the time needed for seedlings to harden off. (c) Pest and disease control: High humidity and dense planting increase the risk of diseases and pests. Monitor closely, especially for red rot, anthracnose, and blight, which are common in seedlings. For pests like aphids, thrips, and leafhoppers, take action if lesions appear or if more than 5% of leaves show damage after the fourth true leaf stage.
Sixth, transplant scientifically. (a) Planting density: Transplanting fields using nutrition bags should have 200–300 more plants per mu compared to normal spring cotton fields. Adjust density based on soil fertility—denser in poor soil, sparser in fertile soil. Typically, 3,300–4,000 plants per mu are recommended. Row spacing can be adjusted depending on wheat residue conditions. (b) Transplanting process: After harvesting wheat, quickly transplant the seedlings. Dig a ditch along the ridge, place the unpacked nutrition bags flat, and apply 5–10 kg of compound fertilizer per acre. Finally, flood the field with water to help the seedlings establish themselves.
Lastly, after planting and establishment, conduct regular inspections. If any seedlings are leaning or dead, straighten or replace them. Implement four key management practices: loosening the soil, applying fertilizer, watering, and controlling pests. These steps ensure healthy growth and maximize yield potential.
Whitening And Clearing Speckles Raw Materials
Whitening ingredients can be divided into the following categories:
1. Inhibit tyrosinase raw materials: the main function of this kind of raw materials is to inhibit the activity of tyrosinase in the skin and prevent the formation of melanin, so as to achieve the effect of whitening and spot removal. Commonly, there are vitamin C, tyrosinase inhibitors.2. Promote the renewal of the stratum corneum raw materials: these raw materials can promote the metabolism of the stratum corneum of the skin surface, remove the surface of the pigmentation spots, so that the skin becomes smooth and delicate. Common fruit acids, salicylic acid, etc..
3. Antioxidant raw materials: these raw materials can resist the attack of free radicals, prevent the formation of melanin, protect the skin from oxidative damage, so as to achieve the effect of whitening spots. Commonly, there are vitamin E, green tea extract and so on.
4. Raw materials to block melanin transmission: these raw materials can prevent melanin from basal layer to surface layer transmission, thus reducing pigmentation and achieving the effect of whitening and eliminating spots. The common ones are aloe vera extract and peony extract.
5. Skin repairing raw materials: these raw materials mainly help to repair damaged skin and promote the skin's self-repairing ability, so as to reduce the formation of pigmentation. Common hyaluronic acid, collagen and so on.
6. sunscreen raw materials: these raw materials can block ultraviolet damage to the skin, to prevent the formation of melanin, to achieve the effect of whitening spots. Commonly, there are titanium dioxide, zinc oxide and so on.
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