When selecting summer spinach varieties, key criteria include tolerance to late summer sun, resilience to prolonged heat, strong and rapid growth, and adaptability to different growing conditions. Below are several summer spinach varieties suitable for cultivation across various regions of the country.
All-round Spinach, originally introduced from Hong Kong, is known for its excellent heat and cold resistance, broad adaptability, and strong winter performance. It has a delayed bolting time and can grow rapidly at temperatures ranging from 3°C to 28°C. The plant stands upright, reaching a height of 30 to 35 cm, with 7 to 9 leaves per plant, each weighing approximately 100 grams. The dark green, thick, and smooth leaves measure 30 to 35 cm in length and 10 to 15 cm in width. They have a soft texture, low astringency, and are ideal for fresh consumption. This variety takes about 80 to 110 days to mature and shows good resistance to downy mildew, anthracnose, and viral diseases.
Huasheng No.1, developed by Huazhong Agricultural University, is a hybrid variety that matures quickly, with a growth period of 40 to 60 days. The plant has a semi-upright growth habit, reaching a height of around 30 cm. Its leaves are shaped like a "Y" with a deep central groove. The leaf tips are blunt, and the leaves are thick and of high quality. This variety thrives in high temperatures and exhibits strong resistance to downy mildew and virus diseases, along with a high yield potential.
Guangdong Leaf Spinach, imported from Guangdong, has no thorns on its seeds and features oval-shaped leaves. It is highly heat-resistant and grows quickly, but it is not cold-tolerant. Therefore, it should be harvested before the onset of colder weather.
The first hybrid developed by Shanghai Agricultural College is characterized by thorny seeds and a semi-spreading growth habit. Its arrow-shaped leaves are large and fleshy, allowing for rapid growth and better resistance to high temperatures. It is typically sown during hot and rainy seasons, and although the seeds have a long dormancy period, the germination rate under direct high temperature is not very high. It can be harvested within 30 days after sowing.
Spring and Autumn Leaf Spinach, introduced from Japan and cultivated in Shanxi, features robust plants with semi-upright growth and clustered leaves. The oblong leaves have blunt tips and are thick and tender, with each plant weighing up to 200 grams and individual leaves reaching 20 grams. It has a slight astringency but offers excellent quality. It is highly resistant to diseases, heat, and late bolting, with a growth period that is about 10 days longer than that of regular round-leaved spinach.
Late-Leaf Large Leaf, selected by the Vegetable Research Institute of Shanxi Agricultural University, has a growth period of over 50 days. The plant reaches a height of 25 cm with a spread of 50 cm. Its broad, arrow-shaped leaves are rounded at the tip, measuring 32 to 40 cm in length and 14 to 18 cm in width. These leaves have very few fibers, and the seeds are smooth. It bolts 15 to 20 days later than common varieties and can yield more than 2,500 kilograms per mu.
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