In the cold winter months, the temperature in the north is low, the grass is withered and the nutrition is very poor. It is not as good as the straw that has been collected and stored. It should be transferred to housing and feeding in a timely manner to prevent cows from falling off and affecting milk production and health. Therefore, there are a few important things that must be done before the winter, otherwise the dairy cow's constitution and milk production will drop sharply.
First, grab the fall before winter
Autumn grass seed mature, more sugar and fat, cattle eat the top grain anti-hungry, fast food. As long as the animals are grazing, they can relax the pasture area, extend the grazing time, return to the early morning and evening before the next frost, late evening and return after the frost, and then combine the looting of the autumn cricket, which can not only grasp the autumn cricket, but also provide more storage for the winter cows. Nutrition is equivalent to accumulating large amounts of food in cattle, and there is a cost to resist cold in the winter.
Second, grasp the transition of feeding
Before the cows are fed, no matter in the pastoral area or in the farming area, the transition from grazing to feeding should be carried out. Otherwise, digestive disorders will occur and cause digestive diseases. The transitional period is about 10 days. At the beginning, the grazing time should be shortened day by day, and the amount of feeds should be increased in the morning and evening so that the cattle can gradually adapt to the habits and feed their livelihoods. After about 10 days, they will be transferred to full-day feeding, but they should gradually increase their nutrition and prevent The sudden drop in nutrition affects the milk production.
Third, feed cows' silage and succulent feeds earlier
Dairy cows have high-quality chlorophyll protein in grasses fed during the grazing period. According to the dry matter content, the content of gramineous pastures amounts to 13 to 15%, legume grasses reach 18 to 24%, and the utilization rate is high, second only to animal feeds. Also contains more amino acids, better than food protein, is the best raw material to obtain milk protein. Dairy cows eat a lot of good grass and can significantly increase milk production. However, when dairy cows are transferred from grazing to feeding, they will reduce and lose good grass for milk production. Therefore, it is necessary to feed the cow silage earlier. Because silage is fermented by lactic acid, it has fragrant odor and cows love it. It is the most easily digestible protein, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamin A and vitamin C. It is a better source than hay, and silage is fed during the feeding period. The milk production of dairy cows can maintain high and stable production. Each cow can eat about 20 kilograms of silage each day. Even without added concentrate, dairy cows can produce 4,000 to 5,000 kilograms of milk each year. Succulent feeds are milk-raising feeds that are nutritionally valuable for cows during the feeding period. Although they contain less protein, they have higher biological value. For example, sugar beet contains 8 g of lysine and 7.5 g of tryptophan per 100 g of protein, and also contains oxidative enzymes, which can increase the milk production of dairy cows. In this way, when dairy cows are transferred to the diets for the house-feeding period, as long as there is good silage and root-juicy materials, plus appropriate amount of concentrate, the lactating capacity of the cows can be fully utilized. If the cow's silage and juicy feed are not fed in advance, the cow's milk production will drop sharply.
Fourth, do a good job of winter feed preparation
It is necessary to grasp the feed reserve in the fall before the winter, which is the material basis for raising the cows and ensuring the winter for the cows. It mainly provides the hay and green feed for the cows during the wintering period. In the semi-pastoral area of ​​the pastoral area, about 2.5 to 3 tons is required for each cow, and about 3.5 to 4 tons is needed for each cow in the farming area; 5 to 7 tons for silage and 3 tons for each cow. Only with enough feed can we guarantee the nutritional needs of cows during the feeding period in order to obtain high milk yields. At the same time, we must also prepare enough mats for the cattle bed to keep the temperature of the cattle body free from cold, and cattle must not suffer from rheumatism.
Fifth, do a good job cows warm house maintenance
The north is cold and long in winter. In order to reduce the amount of heat emitted by the cattle, it is necessary to maintain the warming of the cows in the fall before winter. 10~15°C is the most suitable temperature for dairy cows. When the cowshed is fully maintained, the emphasis is on the closure of doors and windows, walls, ceilings and windows, and cotton curtains are added at night to ensure that the shed does not run out of gas and the walls are not gas-permeable. Frost does not freeze on the ground to ensure safe winter cattle and free from frost damage.
Six, combined with autumn defense, rectify the herd
Disease is the main problem that affects the health of dairy cows and cannot produce more milk. It can be combined with autumn defense to rectify the herd. The key is to do a good job of quarantine and vaccines such as foot-and-mouth disease. Thoroughly sterilize, purify the environment, and repair hoofs. Counterparts spit grass, old and sick, little milk production and repeated infertility, bad governance of "grazing cattle", after the short-term rapid fattening out of the circle.
Seven, do a good job cow estrus breeding
The general fall and winter season is the peak season for cow estrus. Therefore, the nutrient supply of the cow should be grasped, because the cow's favor is a basic condition for normal estrus, fertilization, and pregnancy. According to the survey, 1/4 to 1/3 of the cows are not loved because of poor sleep. estrus. Insufficient fodder, incomplete rations, lack of protein and vitamins, and single feed all affect estrus and breeding of cows. Therefore, it is necessary to bias the grass from the thin and weak cows, so as to increase rejuvenation and reach fullness, so as to promote normal estrus and mating of cows and increase the rate of conception of cows.
Eight, do a good job of wintering cattle deworming
During the fall and winter season, the cow lost the good environment of the summer and autumn, followed by the serious threat posed by cold stress, the cow's constitution from strong to weak, the cow body in the autumn to drive off the body, is conducive to the protection of cows in winter You can spend a good winter. After the worm body is knocked out, the manure must be accumulated and fermented to prevent contamination of the external environment, which is conducive to purifying the environment. At the same time, it eliminates the plunder of bovine body nutrition and is more conducive to protecting the health of cattle.
IX. Adhere to proper exercise outside the home
From grazing to dairy cows, the amount of exercise is greatly reduced. Especially after feeding full-priced diets, the total consumption of dairy cows is not easy and it is easy to over-fat, which is unfavorable to the constitution and milk production of dairy cows and is easily incurred. Ketoneuria and so on. The pastoral areas can be combined with grazing. When the farming area is warm at noon, the herds can be rushed to the sports field for free activities, and they can enjoy more sun. You can also drive away 2 to 4 hours. It can not only enhance the disease resistance of cattle, but also strengthen the ability of cattle to keep warm. But pay attention to safety, prevent slipping, but also to prevent a cold, do not freeze the cattle, in order to prevent the nipple from freezing, can be made with a belt of cotton bra, with a rope around the body of a fixed week, there is a good warm effect.
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