Lu Mianyan No. 19 (formerly code Lu 890, CK33) is a collaboration between the Shandong Cotton Research Center and the Institute of Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The early season high-yield, high-quality and disease-resistant short-season cotton Lu 458 line was used as the female parent and Qianmian No. 3 The transgenic anti-insect cotton was selected as the male parent and the special early-maturing and short-season cotton short-season cotton new varieties were selected and identified through successive generations of selection. The variety passed the approval of Henan Province in April 2003, passed the approval of Shandong Province in March 2005, and passed the national certification in April 2005.
Short-season cotton refers to a type of cotton that has a relatively short growing period. In general, the whole growth period is about one month shorter than that of spring cotton varieties, and the sowing date can be delayed by 30 to 40 days. Cotton fields in the Yellow River Basin in China are usually mainly used for intercropping small-ridge crops in the middle and late May, or melon, vegetables, etc.; in the Yangtze River Basin, cotton is mainly used for wheat (oil) after transplanting or wheat (oil) Live planting; and in the northern special early-winter cotton area, due to the short frost-free period, the spring live planting. Due to the short growth period and high economic coefficient of the short-season cotton varieties, it is of great significance to increase the multiple cropping index and increase the economic benefit per unit area in the Yellow River and Yangtze River valleys. However, for the short-season cotton varieties, the contradiction between early maturation, high yield, and high quality is particularly prominent. How to combine the three organically has always been the research goal pursued by cotton breeders, but it has not been well resolved. Thus greatly limiting the development of this planting method. The cultivation of Lumianyan No. 19 broke the negative correlation between early maturation and high yield, and combined the early maturing with high yield, high quality, insect resistance, and disease resistance to achieve this goal. It is the short season cotton breeding. Another major breakthrough.
1 Characteristics Lu Mianyan 19 has a compact plant type, medium plant height, red fruit branches, tough stalks, medium to small leaves, deep leaf cracks, dark green leaves, less hair on stems and leaves, and good seedling emergence and development. Fast, prosperous and steady, with few axillary buds, easy management, concentrated flowering and belling, strong bolls, fast peaches, boll-oval type, thin bell shells, light rotten bells, smooth and twitching, and pre-frost flower rate High, especially precocious, not premature aging.
Comprehensive 2000-2004 summer, regional trials and production trials in Henan, Shandong, and the Yellow River basin. Lu Mianyan No. 19 has 105 to 112 days of total growth, 1 to 4 days earlier than No. 30 in the Central Cotton Institute, with a score of 40.5. % to 42.5%, single boll weight 4.5 to 5.3g, child refers to 9.4 to 10.0g, high resistance to cotton wilt, resistance to verticillium wilt. In the summer cotton regional test of Henan province from 2000 to 2001, the average yield per year of lint and frosted lint was 85.4 kg and 74.0 kg, respectively, which was 10.9% and 13.5% higher than that of the control Zhongmian 27 respectively, all ranking at 6 The first test variety, and in the test variety is the shortest in the whole growth period, the highest one before the frost. In summer production trials in Henan Province in 2002, the yields of lint and pre-frost lint were 77.7 kg and 70.9 kg, respectively, which were 6.5% and 5.4% higher than the control Zhongmiansuo 30 respectively, still ranking first; in 2001-2002. In the summer cotton regional test of Shandong Province, the average yield of lint and pre-frost lint for the two years was 92.3 kg and 86.7 kg respectively, which was 27.0% and 27.2% higher than the control Zhongmian 30 respectively. The short season cotton variety K03 increased production by 12.8%. In the production test of Shandong Province in 2003, the yields of lint and pre-frost lint were 54.89 kg and 49.13 kg, respectively, which were 16.9% and 17.1% higher than the control Zhongmiansuo 30, respectively; both of which ranked first; the Yellow River Basin in the whole country from 2002 to 2003 In the regional cotton test, the average yield of lint and pre-frost lint was 68.5 kg and 63.5 kg, respectively, which was 18.1% and 20.3% higher than the control Zhongmiansuo 30 respectively. In the 2004 production test, the lint yield of lint and pre-frost lint was 66.5 respectively. Kg and 58.7 kg, respectively, increased by 11.0% and 4.6% compared to the control group No. 30. At the same time, Lumianyan No. 19 showed good resistance to diseases and insect pests. According to the identification results of the plant protection institute of the Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences identified by the summer cotton planting test in Henan Province, there was no disease and blight in 2000 to 2001. Verticillium wilt disease was 32.9, which was lower than that of the control cotton plant No. 27 (34.7). From 2002 to 2003, the results of identification of summer cotton in the regional trials in the Yellow River Basin indicate that wilt disease refers to 3.56 and Verticillium wilt refers to 33.95. For high resistance to wilt disease, resistance to Verticillium wilt type. Highly resistant to lepidopteran pests such as the cotton bollworm. According to the result of the resistance test of summer cotton in Shandong Province, the number of 100 larvae of cotton bollworm in the second, third and fourth generations of cotton field was reduced by 33.9%, 45.6% and 19.3% respectively compared with the control Zhongmiansuo 30; As a result, the second-generation bollworm bud bell injury rate was 12.7% lower than that of the control Zhongmauo 30. Three generations of larvae were not found in the third-generation bollworms.
2 Fiber quality Cotton samples were provided according to the summer cotton test in Henan Province, and tested by the Cotton Quality Supervision, Inspection and Test Center of the Ministry of Agriculture (ICC calibration), 2.5% fiber length of 27.3mm, uniformity of 50.8%, specific strength of 21.1 cN/tex, elongation 7.2%, micronaire value 5.0, reflectivity 74.6%, yellowness 7.9, ring yarn strong 127Lbf; Shandong summer cotton regional test results (ICC calibration), 2.5% span length 27.0mm, specific strength 21.6cN/tex, Micronaire value 5.0. National summer cotton regional test results (HVICC calibration), 2.5% across the length 27.2mm, specific strength 29.0cN/tex, micronaire value 5.0. It is an ideal raw cotton for spinning middle and low count yarns and high quality denim fabrics, filling the gap in the domestic raw cotton of this grade.
3 Cultivation Techniques
3.1 Seed treatment before cotton sowing is done during the sowing period to improve the vigor of the cottonseed and improve the quality of the cotton seedlings. Lumianyan No. 19 is suitable for spring planting of cotton, wheat (oil) summer planting in the cotton area of ​​the Huanghuai River basin or special early spring cotton area. The Huanghuai River basin is generally planted in wheat and rape fields in the middle or late May, or it can be planted directly after the harvest of melons, vegetables, and potatoes. It is more suitable for gargles such as garlic and potatoes, and it can also be used for raising seedlings in early May. In early June, wheat (oil) was transplanted.
3.2 Density Lu Mianyan No. 19 has a density of 5,000 to 6,000 plants per mu and 10 to 12 plant branches per plant. This variety is also suitable for planting in special early-maturing cotton areas such as Liaoning and Xinjiang in northern Xinjiang. The “short, dense and early†cultivation techniques should be adopted to increase the population and moderately reduce individuals. Generally 8000 to 12,000 acres of seedlings remain. Increase the number of chemical controls appropriately.
3.2 Fertilizer Water The current major problem in the production of short-season cotton crops is the unstable production, late maturation and poor quality. Therefore, after the harvest of Lu Mianyan No. 19, it is necessary to grab water, grab maggots, grab top dressings, rob pests, promote early-onset seedling growth, and promote it in the end, so as to strive for the best flowering period from July 20 to August 20 Chengling is the key measure to achieve stable production, high yield, and early maturity. Sheng Lei to see the flowers during the re-application of flower bell fertilizer, generally acres of topdressing urea 10 ~ 15kg. Watering in case of drought, topping in late July.
3.4 Chemical control According to the growing conditions of the field and weather conditions, Shenglei to Hualing period control 2 to 3 times to prevent overgrowth and cause canopy closure. However, it should be pointed out that the insect-resistant short-season cotton is more sensitive than the spring cotton to the growth regulators such as dildochloramine, and it is important to remember the principle of a small number of chemical adjustments to avoid overregulation.
3.5 The insect-proof summer cotton needs to strengthen the prevention and control of the ground tiger, so as to avoid the tiger biting off the stalks of cotton stalks. Due to the danger of the ground tiger crawling out of the ground during the night, the prevention and control effects in the evening are better. The second generation of cotton bollworm generally do not use chemical control, but if the year of occurrence is large, it can be used to prevent eggs from being caught at the peak of egg laying in order to prevent the escape of nets. The third and fourth generations of cotton bollworms are considered to be of severe severity and can generally be controlled 1 to 2 times. Non-lepidopteran pests such as cotton aphid, cotton spider mite, and blind aphid have shown an upward trend in recent years, mainly due to a reduction in the number of insect pests and a reduction in environmental pressure, and secondary insect pests have risen as major pests and should be controlled in time.
3.6 The late-ripening cotton field is sprayed with 40% ethephon powder 1.5-2.25kg/ha to increase the pre-frost flower rate.
Author unit: Shandong Cotton Research Center
Short-season cotton refers to a type of cotton that has a relatively short growing period. In general, the whole growth period is about one month shorter than that of spring cotton varieties, and the sowing date can be delayed by 30 to 40 days. Cotton fields in the Yellow River Basin in China are usually mainly used for intercropping small-ridge crops in the middle and late May, or melon, vegetables, etc.; in the Yangtze River Basin, cotton is mainly used for wheat (oil) after transplanting or wheat (oil) Live planting; and in the northern special early-winter cotton area, due to the short frost-free period, the spring live planting. Due to the short growth period and high economic coefficient of the short-season cotton varieties, it is of great significance to increase the multiple cropping index and increase the economic benefit per unit area in the Yellow River and Yangtze River valleys. However, for the short-season cotton varieties, the contradiction between early maturation, high yield, and high quality is particularly prominent. How to combine the three organically has always been the research goal pursued by cotton breeders, but it has not been well resolved. Thus greatly limiting the development of this planting method. The cultivation of Lumianyan No. 19 broke the negative correlation between early maturation and high yield, and combined the early maturing with high yield, high quality, insect resistance, and disease resistance to achieve this goal. It is the short season cotton breeding. Another major breakthrough.
1 Characteristics Lu Mianyan 19 has a compact plant type, medium plant height, red fruit branches, tough stalks, medium to small leaves, deep leaf cracks, dark green leaves, less hair on stems and leaves, and good seedling emergence and development. Fast, prosperous and steady, with few axillary buds, easy management, concentrated flowering and belling, strong bolls, fast peaches, boll-oval type, thin bell shells, light rotten bells, smooth and twitching, and pre-frost flower rate High, especially precocious, not premature aging.
Comprehensive 2000-2004 summer, regional trials and production trials in Henan, Shandong, and the Yellow River basin. Lu Mianyan No. 19 has 105 to 112 days of total growth, 1 to 4 days earlier than No. 30 in the Central Cotton Institute, with a score of 40.5. % to 42.5%, single boll weight 4.5 to 5.3g, child refers to 9.4 to 10.0g, high resistance to cotton wilt, resistance to verticillium wilt. In the summer cotton regional test of Henan province from 2000 to 2001, the average yield per year of lint and frosted lint was 85.4 kg and 74.0 kg, respectively, which was 10.9% and 13.5% higher than that of the control Zhongmian 27 respectively, all ranking at 6 The first test variety, and in the test variety is the shortest in the whole growth period, the highest one before the frost. In summer production trials in Henan Province in 2002, the yields of lint and pre-frost lint were 77.7 kg and 70.9 kg, respectively, which were 6.5% and 5.4% higher than the control Zhongmiansuo 30 respectively, still ranking first; in 2001-2002. In the summer cotton regional test of Shandong Province, the average yield of lint and pre-frost lint for the two years was 92.3 kg and 86.7 kg respectively, which was 27.0% and 27.2% higher than the control Zhongmian 30 respectively. The short season cotton variety K03 increased production by 12.8%. In the production test of Shandong Province in 2003, the yields of lint and pre-frost lint were 54.89 kg and 49.13 kg, respectively, which were 16.9% and 17.1% higher than the control Zhongmiansuo 30, respectively; both of which ranked first; the Yellow River Basin in the whole country from 2002 to 2003 In the regional cotton test, the average yield of lint and pre-frost lint was 68.5 kg and 63.5 kg, respectively, which was 18.1% and 20.3% higher than the control Zhongmiansuo 30 respectively. In the 2004 production test, the lint yield of lint and pre-frost lint was 66.5 respectively. Kg and 58.7 kg, respectively, increased by 11.0% and 4.6% compared to the control group No. 30. At the same time, Lumianyan No. 19 showed good resistance to diseases and insect pests. According to the identification results of the plant protection institute of the Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences identified by the summer cotton planting test in Henan Province, there was no disease and blight in 2000 to 2001. Verticillium wilt disease was 32.9, which was lower than that of the control cotton plant No. 27 (34.7). From 2002 to 2003, the results of identification of summer cotton in the regional trials in the Yellow River Basin indicate that wilt disease refers to 3.56 and Verticillium wilt refers to 33.95. For high resistance to wilt disease, resistance to Verticillium wilt type. Highly resistant to lepidopteran pests such as the cotton bollworm. According to the result of the resistance test of summer cotton in Shandong Province, the number of 100 larvae of cotton bollworm in the second, third and fourth generations of cotton field was reduced by 33.9%, 45.6% and 19.3% respectively compared with the control Zhongmiansuo 30; As a result, the second-generation bollworm bud bell injury rate was 12.7% lower than that of the control Zhongmauo 30. Three generations of larvae were not found in the third-generation bollworms.
2 Fiber quality Cotton samples were provided according to the summer cotton test in Henan Province, and tested by the Cotton Quality Supervision, Inspection and Test Center of the Ministry of Agriculture (ICC calibration), 2.5% fiber length of 27.3mm, uniformity of 50.8%, specific strength of 21.1 cN/tex, elongation 7.2%, micronaire value 5.0, reflectivity 74.6%, yellowness 7.9, ring yarn strong 127Lbf; Shandong summer cotton regional test results (ICC calibration), 2.5% span length 27.0mm, specific strength 21.6cN/tex, Micronaire value 5.0. National summer cotton regional test results (HVICC calibration), 2.5% across the length 27.2mm, specific strength 29.0cN/tex, micronaire value 5.0. It is an ideal raw cotton for spinning middle and low count yarns and high quality denim fabrics, filling the gap in the domestic raw cotton of this grade.
3 Cultivation Techniques
3.1 Seed treatment before cotton sowing is done during the sowing period to improve the vigor of the cottonseed and improve the quality of the cotton seedlings. Lumianyan No. 19 is suitable for spring planting of cotton, wheat (oil) summer planting in the cotton area of ​​the Huanghuai River basin or special early spring cotton area. The Huanghuai River basin is generally planted in wheat and rape fields in the middle or late May, or it can be planted directly after the harvest of melons, vegetables, and potatoes. It is more suitable for gargles such as garlic and potatoes, and it can also be used for raising seedlings in early May. In early June, wheat (oil) was transplanted.
3.2 Density Lu Mianyan No. 19 has a density of 5,000 to 6,000 plants per mu and 10 to 12 plant branches per plant. This variety is also suitable for planting in special early-maturing cotton areas such as Liaoning and Xinjiang in northern Xinjiang. The “short, dense and early†cultivation techniques should be adopted to increase the population and moderately reduce individuals. Generally 8000 to 12,000 acres of seedlings remain. Increase the number of chemical controls appropriately.
3.2 Fertilizer Water The current major problem in the production of short-season cotton crops is the unstable production, late maturation and poor quality. Therefore, after the harvest of Lu Mianyan No. 19, it is necessary to grab water, grab maggots, grab top dressings, rob pests, promote early-onset seedling growth, and promote it in the end, so as to strive for the best flowering period from July 20 to August 20 Chengling is the key measure to achieve stable production, high yield, and early maturity. Sheng Lei to see the flowers during the re-application of flower bell fertilizer, generally acres of topdressing urea 10 ~ 15kg. Watering in case of drought, topping in late July.
3.4 Chemical control According to the growing conditions of the field and weather conditions, Shenglei to Hualing period control 2 to 3 times to prevent overgrowth and cause canopy closure. However, it should be pointed out that the insect-resistant short-season cotton is more sensitive than the spring cotton to the growth regulators such as dildochloramine, and it is important to remember the principle of a small number of chemical adjustments to avoid overregulation.
3.5 The insect-proof summer cotton needs to strengthen the prevention and control of the ground tiger, so as to avoid the tiger biting off the stalks of cotton stalks. Due to the danger of the ground tiger crawling out of the ground during the night, the prevention and control effects in the evening are better. The second generation of cotton bollworm generally do not use chemical control, but if the year of occurrence is large, it can be used to prevent eggs from being caught at the peak of egg laying in order to prevent the escape of nets. The third and fourth generations of cotton bollworms are considered to be of severe severity and can generally be controlled 1 to 2 times. Non-lepidopteran pests such as cotton aphid, cotton spider mite, and blind aphid have shown an upward trend in recent years, mainly due to a reduction in the number of insect pests and a reduction in environmental pressure, and secondary insect pests have risen as major pests and should be controlled in time.
3.6 The late-ripening cotton field is sprayed with 40% ethephon powder 1.5-2.25kg/ha to increase the pre-frost flower rate.
Author unit: Shandong Cotton Research Center
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