Symptoms: The plants are affected during the entire growth period. The pathogens infested from the base of the stems near the ground and extend down to the roots. The affected parts become soft, water-stained, and light black. The leaves of the plants are suddenly wilted and turn reddish purple. The diseased part was easily broken, and finally the cortex was rotted and detached, exposing the discolored middle column. When it was wet, sparse white molds grew on the surface.
Pathogen: Phytophthora infestans. The cysts are long, mycelial; the sporangia are pear-shaped, 24-50 μm and 17-30 μm. The top is blunt, without milky ridges, the ovipositor wears a male, the oospores are yellow, spherical, 25 μm in diameter (pathogen form Imitation Yu Yongnian).
Incidence of the disease: The pathogens overwintered with oospore in the diseased tissue in the soil. The following year, it was transmitted to the host by rain splashes. During the rainy season and low-lying drainage areas, a lot of white cottony molds were formed.
Prevention methods: 1 Select disease-free propagation materials, appropriate shallow, pay attention to drainage, artificial drip irrigation system can better control the disease. 2 soil disinfection. Dry soil uses 4000 grams of 1:100 formaldehyde per square meter, and 1500 grams of 1:50 formaldehyde in wet soil. Pour into the soil and cover it with nylon cloth for 1-2 weeks. After removing the nylon cloth, turn the soil and wait for the formaldehyde. Volatilize, dry soil and plant. 3 At the beginning of the disease, spray 70% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times, or 40% methylesterone 700-800 times, or 40% ethoxyphos aluminum wettable powder 300 times.
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