The optimal temperature for the growth of *Pleurotus ostreatus* mycelium is 30–35°C. With access to air conditioning, heating, or suitable natural conditions, cultivation can be carried out year-round.
(A) The preparation of mother mushroom strains for *Pleurotus eryngii* can be done through tissue separation from its sclerotia and fruiting bodies. On PDA medium, the mycelium of the tiger puffball mushroom grows vigorously, appears white, and has a strong climbing ability. Small sclerotia may occasionally form at the ends of the mycelium bundles. The production methods for both original and cultivated strains of the tiger milk mushroom are similar to those used for other woody rot fungi like shiitake and oyster mushrooms. A wood bran medium can be prepared using 78 parts wood chips, 20 parts wheat bran, 1 part sugar, and 1 part gypsum powder, with a material-to-water ratio of 1:1.3–1.5.
(II) Wood cellar cultivation
1. Cut the trunks or thick branches of broad-leaved trees such as alder, maple, eucalyptus, and poplar into 30–45 cm sections. If the diameter exceeds 15 cm, split the logs and dry them thoroughly.
2. Choose a sunny slope or well-drained orchard area. Dig shallow pits, about 15–20 cm deep. Loamy or sandy loam soil is ideal for this purpose.
3. Place three pieces of wood in a "goods" shape within the pit. Insert approximately 500 grams of the cultivated species between the wood sections, then cover with soil.
4. Keep the soil moist by watering or misting when necessary. Regularly remove weeds from the site. After five months, check each pit for the formation of sclerotia.
(III) Substrate cultivation
1. Common ingredients for making cultivation bags include:
(1) 78 kg of sawdust, 20 kg of wheat bran, 1 kg of sugar, 1 kg of calcium carbonate, with a material-to-water ratio of 1:1.1–1.3.
(2) 39 kg of wood chips, 49 kg of cottonseed hulls, 10 kg of bran, 1 kg of sucrose, 1 kg of calcium carbonate, also with a material-to-water ratio of 1:1.1–1.3.
After preparing the substrate, fill 17 cm x 35 cm polypropylene or low-density polyethylene bags. Seal one end with a tie or weld, cover the other end with a plastic collar, insert a tampon, and wrap it in kraft paper. Sterilize and cool before inoculation.
2. Inoculated bags are placed on cultivation beds. Maintain room temperature between 25–35°C. After 30–45 days, the mycelium will fully colonize the bag, and hyphae will begin to form a nucleus on top or in the middle. Sclerotia will start to develop. When the sclerotia are close to breaking through the bag, remove the plastic collar, unplug the tampon, and loosen the bag slightly. When the substrate shrinks and becomes soft, and no further sclerotia growth occurs, harvesting can begin.
3. After harvesting, the sclerotia should be air-dried or stored in wet sand. In late spring or early summer, soak the sclerotia in clean water until they absorb enough moisture, then place them on a sand bed. Fruit bodies will emerge over about 7 days. If the temperature is lower, the fruiting period may be extended.
4. Once processed and eaten, the fruit bodies are washed, sliced into 1–2 mm thickness, and dried either naturally or in a dryer.
Although the fruit body of the mushroom is edible, it tends to be tough and lacks freshness, so the primary use lies in the sclerotia. Dried sclerotia can be ground into a fine powder using a crusher. This powder can be mixed with rice flour, sugar, and other ingredients to make cakes or other food products.
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