The optimal temperature for the growth of *Pleurotus ostreatus* mycelium is between 30–35°C. With access to air conditioning, heating, or suitable natural conditions, cultivation can be carried out year-round.
(A) The preparation of mother mushroom strains of *Pleurotus eryngii* can be achieved through tissue separation from its sclerotia and fruiting bodies. On PDA medium, the mycelium of the tiger puffball mushroom grows vigorously, appearing white and showing strong wall-climbing ability. At the end of the mycelium bundle, small sclerotia may occasionally form. The production methods for both original and cultivated species of tiger milk mushroom are similar to those used for other woody rot fungi such as shiitake and oyster mushrooms. A wood bran medium (comprising 78 parts wood chips, 20 parts wheat bran, 1 part sugar, and 1 part gypsum powder, with a material-to-water ratio of 1:1.3–1.5) is commonly used for this purpose.
(II) Wood cellar cultivation involves cutting trunks or thick branches of broad-leaved trees like alder, maple, eucalyptus, and poplar into 30–45 cm sections. If the diameter exceeds 15 cm, the logs can be split, dried, or left to dry. The site should be on a sunny slope or in a well-drained orchard, where a shallow pit (15–20 cm deep) is dug. Loamy or sandy loam soil is ideal. Inoculate three pieces of wood and place them in a "goods" shape within the pit. Insert approximately 500 grams of tiger milk mushroom spawn between the wood sections and cover with soil. Regularly check the soil to prevent exposure of the wood. During dry periods, water or mist the area to maintain moisture. Remove weeds regularly. After about five months, inspect each pit for the formation of sclerotia.
(III) Substrate cultivation typically uses the following ingredients:
(1) 78 kg of sawdust, 20 kg of wheat bran, 1 kg of sugar, 1 kg of calcium carbonate, with a material-to-water ratio of 1:1.1–1.3.
(2) 39 kg of wood chips, 49 kg of cottonseed hulls, 10 kg of bran, 1 kg of sucrose, 1 kg of calcium carbonate, with the same water ratio.
Once the substrate is prepared, it is packed into 17 cm x 35 cm polypropylene or low-density polyethylene bags. One end is tied or sealed, while the other is covered with a plastic collar and a tampon. The bag is then wrapped in kraft paper and sterilized before inoculation.
After inoculation, the bags are placed on the beds of the cultivation room, where the temperature is maintained at 25–35°C. Within 30–45 days, the mycelium will fully colonize the bag, followed by the formation of a mushroom nucleus on the top or middle of the substrate. When the sclerotia begin to break through the plastic, remove the collar, unplug the tampon, and loosen the bag. Once the substrate shrinks and becomes soft, with no further sclerotia growth, harvesting can begin.
After harvesting, the sclerotia should be air-dried or stored in wet sand. In late spring or early summer, they are first soaked in clean water to rehydrate, then placed on a sand bed. Fruit bodies will develop over approximately seven days, though lower temperatures may extend the fruiting period.
Once processed, the mushroom nuclei are washed, sliced into 1–2 mm thicknesses, and either air-dried, sun-dried, or dried in a dehydrator. While the fruit bodies are edible, their texture is tough and flavor is not particularly appealing. Therefore, the primary use of the mushroom lies in its sclerotia. Dried sclerotia can be ground into a fine powder and mixed with rice flour, sugar, and other ingredients to make cakes.
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