(1) Under-equipped drive belts: Small four-wheel tractors typically come with three V-belts, but some models may only have one or two belts in use. When the tractor is in operation, the increased load causes the drive belts to slip significantly. This not only reduces transmission efficiency but also lowers the output power. Additionally, excessive heat from the slipping belts can lead to delamination, deformation, and accelerated wear. Therefore, it's important to avoid overloading the tractor and ensure that all belts are properly maintained and used as intended.
(2) Neglecting the cooling system: The water tank of the tractor is usually open at the top, making it susceptible to dust and debris entering during operation or when parked. In some cases, dirty or hard water may be added, leading to sediment buildup over time. As impurities accumulate, they can form scale that blocks the water passages, impairing engine cooling. This results in higher engine temperatures, thinner oil, and reduced lubrication performance, which accelerates wear on moving parts. It can also cause expansion of components, leading to decreased performance, power loss, and even serious issues like burned bearings, seized shafts, or stuck cylinders.
(3) Unauthorized modifications: Some operators make random changes to the tractor’s components without understanding the consequences. For example, increasing the diameter of the driving pulley to boost speed can lead to several problems. First, changing the gear ratio increases clutch speed and creates more impact loads when engine speed fluctuates, causing greater torsional vibrations and reducing the lifespan of clutch parts. Second, a larger pulley increases the contact area between the belt and the wheel, raising the risk of belt breakage and faster wear. Third, higher speeds reduce traction, increasing the risk of accidents during transport or climbing. Additionally, the increased load raises temperature, thins the oil, and makes it harder for an oil film to form, accelerating wear on the crankshaft and other engine components. Lastly, such modifications can damage the tractor’s maneuverability and stability, potentially leading to premature wear on the braking system due to poor braking performance.
(4) Severe overloading: Some drivers frequently overload their tractors during transport, which can cause significant damage. Overloading puts extra stress on the engine, transmission, and running components, leading to higher temperatures and thinner lubricating oil, which reduces its effectiveness. In emergencies, the tractor may not stop in time, increasing the braking distance and the likelihood of accidents. Furthermore, fuel consumption rises, black smoke comes from the exhaust, and carbon deposits build up in the combustion chamber, worsening piston and cylinder wear.
(5) Improper traction and starting: Some tractors are started by pulling them, which can be dangerous. The high viscosity of the oil in the transmission and oil pan increases resistance, and when the clutch is engaged quickly, the gears experience heavy impact. Repeatedly using this method can cause gear teeth to fracture due to fatigue. It is especially unsafe to start the tractor this way in cold weather, as the oil is thicker and the mechanical stress is even greater. Always follow proper starting procedures to protect your equipment and ensure safe operation.
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