(1) Under-equipped drive belts: Small four-wheel tractors typically come with three V-belts, but in some cases, only one or two of them are used. When the tractor is under heavy load during operation, the drive belts tend to slip significantly. This not only reduces transmission efficiency and power output but also causes the belts to overheat, leading to delamination, deformation, and accelerated wear. Therefore, it's important to avoid overworking the tractor with insufficient belt systems.
(2) Long-term neglect of the cooling system: The water tank of the tractor is usually open at the top, making it prone to collecting dust and debris when parked or in use. Sometimes, it's filled with dirty, hard water, allowing impurities to settle over time. As this buildup continues, it can lead to scale formation that blocks the water passages, reducing the engine's cooling efficiency. This results in higher engine temperatures, thinner oil, and reduced lubrication performance, which accelerates wear on moving parts. It may also cause expansion of components, degrade technical performance, reduce power, and even lead to serious issues like burnt cylinder liners, seized shafts, or stuck pistons.
(3) Unauthorized modifications: Some drivers make random changes to the tractor's components, which can damage the original mechanical integrity. For example, increasing the diameter of the driving pulley to boost speed can have several negative effects. First, changing the pulley size alters the gear ratio, increases clutch speed, and creates greater impact loads when the engine speed fluctuates, leading to increased torsional vibration and a shorter lifespan for clutch components. Second, the larger contact area between the belt and pulley increases the risk of belt breakage and faster wear. Third, as speed increases, traction decreases, creating safety risks during transport and hill climbing. Additionally, the increased load raises the engine temperature, thins the lubricating oil, and makes it harder to form an effective oil film, accelerating wear on the crankshaft and other engine components. Finally, modifying the tractor can compromise its handling and stability, potentially causing early wear on braking system parts due to poor braking performance.
(4) Severe overloading: Some operators frequently overload the tractor during transportation, which puts excessive stress on the engine, transmission, and running components. This leads to higher temperatures, thinner lubricating oil, and reduced lubrication effectiveness. In emergencies, the tractor may not stop within a safe distance, increasing the risk of accidents. Overloading also raises fuel consumption, causes black smoke from the exhaust, and promotes carbon buildup in the combustion chamber, further damaging pistons and cylinders.
(5) Improper traction and starting: Some tractors are started by being pulled, but this method increases resistance due to thick oil in the transmission and oil pan. When the clutch is engaged quickly, it puts sudden stress on the gears, which can lead to gear fractures from fatigue. This practice is especially dangerous in cold weather and should be strictly avoided.
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