Strengthen current cotton management according to local conditions

Recently, we have visited cotton plants in Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Hubei, and Henan. Since the emergence of cotton this year, due to rainy days, low temperatures, low sunshine, and the impact of wind and calamity on some cotton fields, cotton seedlings have generally grown. slow. According to the investigation, as of June 5, the plant height of cotton seedlings was 4.4 cm lower than that of the same period of last year, and there were 1.8 fewer leaves. The budding period was 5-7 days later than last year. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen cotton field management to seize this year's cotton harvest. significance. To this end, discuss the following points on how to take measures according to local conditions:

1. The current characteristics of cotton reproduction, most cotton fields have entered the bud period. Bud stage is the period between vegetative growth and reproductive growth of cotton, but it is still dominated by vegetative growth. The growth of vegetative organs in the ground and underground areas was significantly accelerated, and the growth of flower buds was also accelerating, and the growth of roots reached the peak before flowering. Compared with the above-ground parts, the main root growth rate was 2-3 times faster than the growth rate of the plants, and was still a root system. The important period of development. The demand for nutrients during the bud period was mainly changed from nitrogen to nitrogen during the seedling stage, and the period was dominated by carbon metabolism. The demand for phosphorus and potassium nutrients gradually increased. There are differences between long and short bud varieties, usually 24-30 days. The annual budding period in Hebei is generally at the beginning of June and is postponed to June 5-10 this year.

2. The current management tasks are based on the impact of climatic conditions this year. The poor quality of cotton seedlings should promote the growth of cotton seedlings with retarded growth and weaker growth potential, and increase the leaf area as much as possible. The high-yielding cotton plants are stably growing and striving for a high-yield shelf. While realizing the festival's many buds and early flowering, all measures have been carried out around the requirement of 'steady growth'.

3. Current cotton management measures

(1) Timely tillage This year, no matter if there are more rainwater in the south or in the north and there are more pleasing buds during the bud period, generally no watering is needed. The cultivars are mainly cultivators, and the weaker cotton fields should be intensively cultivated, finely cultivated, and generally every 7 -8 days of cultivating once; for high-yielding fields and wangchang cotton fields, early cultivating and deep cultivating, the cultivating depth is generally not less than 8 cm; the cultivating of cotton fields on dry land should be shallow and should not be avoided deeply to avoid injury; the cotton fields with high water content should be Deep plowing squats, rooting and rooting, root control trees, to Lei Lei period steady, flowering premature aging. Pay attention to the late cultivator should not be too deep, to prevent injury.

(2) Cleverly chasing bud fertilizer should be topdressed according to local conditions. For high-water fertilizers and prosperous cotton fields, no nitrogen fertilizer should be applied or reduced, and 5 kg of diammonium can be applied to mu; weak cotton seedlings and poorly-fertilized cotton fields should be reintroduced. Fertilizer, generally apply 12.5 kg of urea, 5 kg of potassium, and use 2% urea solution and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution for foliar spray fertilizer; the density of cotton fields is to control the use of nitrogen fertilizer to avoid the strain Large, insufficient light causes premature bud loss.

(3) Uncovering the soil in the film The cotton film covering the cotton fields in the north is not too early to remove the film according to the climate characteristics of this year. It is advisable to use it in the late Lei period, that is, in late June, to promote the growth of main roots and floating roots and increase the permeability of water. After the removal of the film, soil should be cultivated in time to increase the resistance of the cotton plant to drought and drought. In the south, a ditch should be drilled to facilitate drainage.

(4) The pruning at the whole pruning stage of the science includes pounding the leaves, wiping out the buds, and frenzied pods. It is to be postponed more than usual, and it is obviously carried out when 3-4 fruit branches are seen. This will favorably increase the vegetative mass and make the weak seedlings change. strong. Prosperous cotton fields remove the main stem leaves below the first fruit branch while going crazy. Simplified pruning cultivation of fruit branches below 2-3 leaves are preferred.

(5) Rational control should be based on the growth of cotton and climate conditions. Bud spraying at a concentration of 30-50 parts per million (approx. 30 pounds of sprayer water, 0.4-0.75 grams of shrinkage An), 0.3-0.8 grams per mu, and optimal spraying period Sheng Lei period (4 fruit sticks visible). Cotton fields with good fertilizer and water conditions can be sprayed more, dry ground cotton or weak growth, with little or no spray. In the period of Shenglei, the plant height exceeds 40 cm to re-spray and can be increased to 2 grams per mu.

(6) Pest control At present, the main insect pests are blind borers, cotton aphids, red spiders, and weevils. There are many chemical agents for the control of blind stink bugs. The use of malathion and phoxim in combination with pesticides is the best and the cost is low. Malathion has a long residual effect and strong knockdown of phoxim. After compounding, it achieves complementary advantages. The finished products sold on the market are mainly Ke Bell and Xin Su. Malathion, unpurchased with phoxim and malathion. The prevention and treatment of cotton aphid with acetamiprid better, the resistance of the cotton aphid can be used acetamiprid and imidacloprid compound control, the prevention and treatment of spider mites should be avermectin drugs better, available when the cotton bollworm occurs A dimensional salt, acephamide, chlorpyrifos and other prevention and treatment.

The disease in bud stage is mainly wilt disease. Although the incidence of wilt disease was lighter in the early part of this year, the peak period of the calendar year is generally in the middle or late June. The field management should be strengthened, the prevention of pesticides should be improved, and the disease resistance should be improved.

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