Show Zhen mushroom, also known as ring handle ear earrings, white ring handle ear ear, is a newly developed in the international market, a very high nutritional value of rare edible fungus. Xiu Zhen Zhen meat crisp, fiber content, excellent taste, not only nutritious, but delicious, favored by consumers.
The artificially cultivated Pleurotus ostreatus has a wide range of raw materials, and the cultivation process is easy to operate. Wood chips, cottonseed hulls, rice straw, corn cobs, and other crop stalks can be cultivated. Each 100 kg of dry material can produce 80-100 kg of fresh mushrooms. From the cultivation of inoculum to the end of fruiting cycle 4-5 months, can be planted 2 seasons. Its cultivation techniques are as follows:
I. Separation and breeding of strains
The Pleurotus ostreatus species used in production are derived from two aspects. One is the isolation and acquisition of pure mycelium from the fruit body, and the other is the direct introduction into scientific research units and strain production units. Research institutes generally separate, purify, and regenerate from fruiting bodies. Because the general grower does not have the separation and seed production conditions, it is directly introduced from the producer of the strain.
Second, the cultivation season
According to the mushrooming temperature of the mushroom, the spring planting arrangement will be made in the March-March period, and the autumn planting will be arranged in the May-August period. Bag-making will take place at high altitudes in advance.
Third, cultivation methods
The cultivation method of Pleurotus citrinopileatus is basically the same as that of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus ostreatus, but it cannot be cultivated with raw materials. It can be cultivated indoors, or it can be cultivated in shaded sheds outdoors.
Fourth, bacterial bag production and germ
The raw materials for cultivation of Pleurotus citrinopileatus were: 15% wood chips, 26% corn cob, 15% wheat husk, 5% corn flour, 1% sucrose, 1% gypsum powder, 2% lime, 100 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate 25 grams. 2 92% cottonseed husk, 5% wheat husk, 1% sucrose, 1% gypsum powder and 1% lime. 3 Bagasse 50%, wood chips 32%, wheat husk 15%, gypsum powder 1%, lime 2%, urea 100 g. 4 90% cottonseed hull, 4% chaff, 1% glucose, 0.5% peptone, 0.5% glutamic acid, 4% wheat, a small amount of lime. Corn stalks, peanut stalks, peanut husks, rice straw, etc. can all be used as culture materials. The above raw materials should be processed and crushed.
The prepared material is mixed with water and the water content is 60-65%. In the hot season, the material is stacked and fermented for 4-5 days and then bagged and sterilized. Choose high-density polypropylene or polyethylene plastic bags, specifications 17330.05cm or 20350.05cm. Loading requirements are tight and moderate, and the culture material should adhere to the wall of the bag. It should be sterilized at a temperature of 100°C for 15-16 hours. When the feed temperature drops to 70°C, the pot will be opened. Move the material bag into the sterilized and clean room, close the doors and windows when the temperature of the bag drops below 30°C, and use an aerosol sterilization box or mushroom sterilizer to sterilize 5-6 per cubic meter of space. Hours can be inoculated into the room. Each bottle (bag) cultivar can receive 20-30 bags. After being cultured at a normal temperature of 20-28°C, the hyphae can grow into fruit after about 30-40 days.
Fifth, mushrooming management technology
Show mushroom mushroom mycelium full of bags and then continue to cultivate 5-7 days, so that the mycelium reaches a physiological maturity, accumulation of nutrients can be shipped to mushroom garden mushroom room. The mushroom room is easy to manage and requires ventilation, heat preservation, moisturizing, and cleanliness. There is no waste on the side of the mushroom farm, no excrement, no smelly ditch. Before the fungus bag has been moved in, it must be sprayed with dichlorvos and omethoate to spray the whole mushroom house once again, and then sprayed with 5% formaldehyde solution to sterilize it. After 5 days, the mature bacterial bags can be moved into the stadium to manage and produce mushrooms. The method of stacking includes shelf stacking (applicable to factory-standard three-dimensional cultivation), floor stacking, trampoline upright bag discharge, and boring machine for bagging and burying. Wait. In any case, before the mushroom bag is moved in, the mushroom house (shed) that has been cleaned and disinfested must be pre-wet in advance, and a large amount of water should be sprayed on the bed frame, wall, and ground. Increase the humidity of the whole mushroom house (shed). Place 2-3 insecticidal lamps in the mushroom house to control the population density. After the bacteria bag enters the house, the bacteria is kept for 2 days, and the plastic bag is cut off along the collar to scrape off the original old bacteria or the hypertrophic primordium. The relative air humidity of the mushroom house is maintained at 90%. For 3-5 days in a row, the temperature is maintained at 23-25°C and diffuse light is given every day. At this time mushroom room should be sprayed, small ventilation. After 3-5 days, it can be seen that the primordium on the material surface begins to differentiate, and when forming a large number of mushroom buds, it is necessary to enhance the time of small ventilation and illumination, and maintain the appropriate concentration of carbon dioxide, and the humidity is maintained at 85-90%. At this point, do not directly spray water to the mushroom buds, otherwise mushroom buds can easily become yellow and shrink and die. When the cap is flattened, it can be sprayed with a fine sprayer. In dry weather conditions, mushrooms can be harvested after 1-2 days. After all the first tidal mushrooms have been harvested, it is best to scrape off all the dried roots and dead mushrooms and mushroom buds on the day. The humidity of the mushroom house can only be maintained at 70-80%, so that the surface of the culture material is a little dry. In order to prevent fresh material surface fungal diseases and to prevent the hatching of some eggs, when the material surface is too dry, sprayer can be used to spray a little fine mist. In this condition, keep bacteria for 6-10 days.
The second mushroom of the bacteria bag after the bacteria needs to be replenished with the bacteria bag, so that the weight of each bag is 30-50 grams. The soil on which the soil is planted must be kept dry or wet. After the replenishment, the mushroom bag in the house can be given a low temperature of 10°C or less for 1-2 days, or a temperature difference of about 10°C in the day and night to stimulate for 3 days, and the growth of the bacteria is inhibited. At this time management, with the first tidal mushroom, ventilation and moisture is particularly important. The management of the third tide, the fourth tide and the fifth and sixth tide mushrooms is similar to that of the second tide mushroom. The key point is that the treatment of raising bacteria and water should be appropriate in order to achieve stable production and high yield.
Six, harvesting and processing
The mature Xiuzhen mushroom fruiting body is marked with a cap of 2 to 3 cm in length, and the edge of the cap is involute, and it is advisable to harvest it when the spores have not been ejected. The fresh mushrooms collected are first dehumidified, and then put into the refrigerator, until the volume is enough, then move out to repair mushroom feet, according to the screening, packaging, shipped out. Fresh mushrooms can not be sold for a while or they can be processed into dried mushrooms.
VII. Pest Control
Insect pests should use high-efficiency, non-toxic, short-lived broad-spectrum insecticides, such as pyrethrum, fish rattan, tobacco leaf, cypermethrin, and mushroom worms. Generally, no mushrooms are sprayed after harvesting. 2 times clean water.
The green mold is continuously sprayed with 0.1% Kemylin water for 2-3 times to prevent and control; Streptomyces, also known as red mold, is used to disinfect the local infection with 800 times carbendazim plus diesel; Mucor, also known as long hair The bacteria must be picked up immediately. The occurrence of yellow mold, black rhizopus, reference green mold control methods.
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