In 2000, Wulian County introduced a new Japanese sweet persimmon variety on the 3rd of the new century. After years of high-yield cultivation experiments, a set of experiences was summarized.
I. Variety characteristics: A pair of open female and male flowers, single fruit weight 130 ~ 200 grams, mature in mid-September. The results of the individual plants were introduced in the second year of introduction and the majority of the plants were in the third year and then entered the high yield period. The average yield of 22.67 kg, 1518 kg per mu. Is a very good early-maturing variety, listed early, strong commodity.
Second, the cultivation and management
1. Management of Seedlings: Seedlings use roots with complete, full buds, two-year-old grafted seedlings without pests and diseases, height 100-120 cm, diameter 0.8-1.3 cm, and 50-fold copper sulfate water disinfection before seedlings are planted.
2. Fertilization before planting: Before planting the autumn and winter of the previous year, take a ditching and soil preparation method to deepen the soil in the garden. Ditch depth 80 cm, width 100 cm, ditch 4 meters, the ground when the raw soil are piled separately, backfill when applied per acre 5000 kg of fertilizer, fertilizer 20 kg, first fill the ditch with 1/2 of the ring into the soil The upper part is then filled with a ditch, which is water-filled and is ready for planting seedlings in the spring of the following year.
3, planting: in the leveling of the ditch, according to 2.5 meters spacing dug planting hole, hole depth 30 cm, 50 cm in length and width of the planting seedlings, planting roots to make the seedlings fully stretched, earth practical, and filling enough water, each Mu is planted in 67 plants.
4 Management after planting: After planting, dry it by 65-75 cm. All the seedlings are wrapped with a plastic film (released after germination) to facilitate pest control, heat preservation, moisturizing, warming, early sprouting, and covering 1 square with the base of the stem as the center. Rice mulch, the survival rate can reach 98.7%.
Three, early Feng quality measures
1, fertilizer and water management: the use of fertilization and soil improvement, combined with watering and film, adhere to the annual expansion of organic fertilizer applied. In the first year, water is the mainstay of survival; in the second year, the management of fertilizer and water is increased to promote the rapid growth of the tree; in the third year, the first half of the year is promoted and the second half of the year is controlled. The scientific use of fertilizer and water effectively alleviates the contradiction between vegetative growth and reproductive growth. Promote flower bud formation.
2, reasonable pruning: the use of tree height 3 ~ 3.5 meters, low dry dwarf crown, less main branch, more measuring branches of the umbrella-like tree. The principle of pruning is: more branches, less short cuts, long branches can not be more, the results quickly retracted, summer pruning is the key, winter pruning as an aid. Summer pruning works best when persimmon blossoms.
3. Pollination and sparse buds: Although the species has one open flower and one male flower, but the pollination is not sufficient, it is best to conduct artificial pollination by 1 to 2 flowering stages to ensure fruit setting. During the flowering period, buds were planted and the fruits were thinned after flowering. In July, according to the tree vigor and yield requirements, the deformed fruit and poorly developed small fruit were removed, so that the tree load was reasonable, the fruit was developed neatly, and the fruit quality was ensured.
4. Pest Control: Persimmon diseases include: anthracnose, black spot disease, round spot disease, angular spot disease, etc. Persimmon must be carefully sprayed with 5 degrees lime sulfur before germination; from mid-June to August In the middle of the year, a large quantity of Bordeaux mixture, mancozebite and others were sprayed. Persimmon pests include: kaki worms, kaki pods, turtle wax worms, persimmon leaf worms, and gypsy moths. 90% trichlorfon, 50% malathion, 50% parathion, 40% dimethoate and other 1000 times liquids were selected according to the pest situation.
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, Appropriate harvesting: The annual growth temperature of sweet persimmons is higher than that of astringent persimmons, especially in the ripening period, when the temperature is too low, it is not easy to remove the astringent naturally. According to the observation, proper late harvest not only can completely remove the astringent persimmon, but also improve the fruit quality, increase the soluble solid content, and enhance the coloration.
Nuts can generally be divided into two types: one is seeds, such as sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds, peanuts, etc.; the other is tree nuts, such as pistachios, hazelnuts, cashews, walnuts, pine nuts, walnuts, chestnuts, almonds. And the macadamia and pecans that have been very hot in the past two years. These nut foods contain more protein, calcium and a variety of vitamins, which can provide the body with a variety of nutrients needed by the brain and body.
In general, a nut is a closed fruit classification of a nutrient-covered woody or leathery hard shell. The skin is hard and contains one or more seeds. It includes two types of tree nuts and fruit seeds, walnuts, chestnuts, pistachios, almonds, etc., which belong to the fruit seed class.
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