Pollution-free greenhouses grafted watermelon cultivation techniques

1 greenhouse conditions and performance requirements Plastic greenhouses have a good lighting, warming, insulation, ventilation and strong wind resistance. The light intensity in the shed should reach 50-70% outside the shed, the minimum temperature in the shed should not be lower than 13oC, the ground temperature in 10cm should not be lower than 10oC, and a plastic shed 2.5 meters high, 13 meters wide and 50 meters long should be constructed. On the middle and the middle of the month, the greenhouse will be buckled. 2 varieties selected watermelon grafted scion should use anti-disease, early maturing, cold-resistant varieties Jingxin 1, selected rootstock high resistance to blight, Verticillium wilt, root system developed, vigorously growing gourd or all-round armor F1. 3 Sowing and Seedling 3.1 Seedling time can be sown in solar greenhouses around February 5 depending on the climatic conditions. 3.2 Seedlings Seedlings use 60*24*5.5cm plastic seedling trays or 9*9cm seedling bowls. 3.3 70% fertile topsoil, 20% decomposed organic fertilizer, 10% fine ash (or fine sand), 50% carbendazim powder per cubic metre, and 5 grams of carbendazim powder 2kg, add 2/3 of the height of the sowing tray or nursery bowl after mixing. 3.4 Scion Soaking, Germination, Seeding Soak the seeds with warm water at 55oC for about 30 minutes, then reduce the water temperature naturally. Soak the seeds for 6-8 hours, change the water for 4-5 hours and remove the seed epidermis. After the seeds were wrapped in a damp cloth, they germinated at 33-35oC. The seedling tray was irrigated and the budded seeds were sowed in the seedling tray with a 1.5 cm cover thickness. Keep the temperature at 25-30oC. 3.5 Rootstock soaking, germination, sowing (rootstock sowing should be 5-7 days later than watermelon) Use Almighty Armor F1 as rootstock, sowing the amount of 150-170 grams, the amount of gourd as the rootstock is about 1000 grams. Seeds were soaked in warm water at 55oC for 30 minutes and then soaked in water at 30oC for 8 hours to remove seed mucus from the epidermis. The seeds were wrapped in a wet cloth and germinated at 30oC. Turned 1-2 times per day, a small amount of warm water was sprayed when dry. The nursery bowl was irrigated and the rootstock seeds were placed in a nursery bowl with a fine soil thickness of 2cm. Keep the inside of the bowl dry and wet. Keep the temperature at 25-30oC. 4 Grafting 4.1 Grafting The standard scion lengthens to two cotyledons to flatten the diameter of the first true leaf at 1-1.5cm; the cotyledons of the rootstock are completely unfolded and the first true leaf just grows. 4.2 Grazing Venues and Utensils Greenhouses, blades, well-cut bamboo sticks, shading materials. 4.3 Grafting technique points Cut off the growing point of the rootstock first with a blade, and then use the sharpened bamboo stick to obliquely poke the hole with a depth of 1cm at the top of the rootstock. Scion the watermelon at the cotyledon node and cut it down by about 1cm. The wedge surface is inserted into the hole of the rootstock so that the wedge surface of the spike matches the wedge surface of the rootstock. Place the grafted seedlings in a shady little shed. 4.4 Shading within three days after the management of grafting, the daytime temperature in the shed is kept at 26-28oC, kept at 24-25oC at night, and the air relative humidity is more than 90%. It is better to condense droplets on the surface of the greenhouse film. After 3 days, gradually increase the ventilation time and ventilation volume, and appropriately reduce the temperature in the shed; after 7 days, the daytime temperature should be kept at 23-24oC, at night at 18-20oC, and the ground temperature should be around 24oC. 4.5 After grafting and survival, plant the seedlings one week prior to the management and planting. Remove greenhouse sheds. The daytime temperature can be 20-22oC, or about 14oC at night. 4.6 Seedlings of strong seedlings are about 15 cm high, dark green leaves and 4-5 true leaves. 5 Planting 5.1 The site preparation fertilization shall be carried out 30 days before the establishment of the fertilization for planting, and 10000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 50 kg of diammonium phosphate, and 425 kg of K2SO may be applied in the Mushi, and these fertilizers may be applied on the ground and in the ditch, and mixed with the soil. Fill enough water. 5.2 Doing 畦 In order to cover the mulch and buckle the small arch shed conveniently, take large and small rows of planting, and set small rows of 60cm along the east-west direction. Start small sorghum with a height of 15-20cm and cover the black mulch separately. Watermelon), a large row spacing of 180cm, as a creeping ditch. 5.3 Colonization period and density When the ground temperature in the greenhouse is stable above 15oC, the grafted watermelon seedlings can be colonized with 4-5 true leaves. The plant spacing is 50cm, and about 800 mu are left. In order to increase the temperature and promote seedlings, a small shed with a height of 50 cm should be capped after field planting. 6. Field Management 6.1 Temperature management Within one week after planting, the air is generally not ventilated. The daytime temperature is around 30oC, and it is 18-20oC at night. Reduce the temperature inside the shed, 25-28oC during the day and 16-18oC at night. 6.2 After the management of the fertilizer and water melon group, 15 acres of urea were collected in combination with watering. When the young larvae grow to the size of the eggs, 40kg of multi-element complex fertilizer is applied. On the basis of watering when planting, after the seedlings are mulched, they are to be poured into a large water along the ditch. In conjunction with the topdressing, the planting period is timely watered in the ditch of the cultivated clams to promote the growth of the trees. Fruit enlargement is generally watered 2-3 times. 6.3 The pruning method is generally based on the triple vine pruning method. Two or more robust side vines are selected between 5-8 main vines, and the rest are removed. 6.4 Artificial pollination pollination time in the morning, the method is to pick open male flowers, flip petals, revealing stamens, in the female stigma between 15-18 leaves gently smear, a male flower can wipe 3-4 female flowers After pollination, make a mark on the plants so that they can be picked and matured in time. 7 Pest control Anthracnose: Use 80% anthrax or 80% anthrax WP to 125-150 g/mu for spraying. Blight: Spray with 500% of anti-virus or 64% of Kangkang WP. Sprinkling disease: Fumigation with 45% chlorothalonil 250g/mu, 5-7 days. Locust: Fumigation with a smoked No. 1 smoke agent or 3000 times sprayed with 2.5% Uranus EC. Red spider: sprayed with 1.8% chemidin 1000 times or 70% gmanty 1000 times. Clean pastoral: After the watermelon is pulled, it completely removes the foliage. Diseased plants, diseased melons, diseased leaves should be buried or burned, and the old mulching film should be picked.

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