The crustacean is a crustacean, a soft armor, a decapoda, and a prawn, commonly known as lobster. It has the characteristics of complex feeding, strong fertility, wide adaptation range, low requirements on environmental conditions, rapid growth, strong disease resistance, high survival rate, and is naturally distributed in rivers, ditch, ponds, farmland and other waters. Because of its delicious meat and rich nutrition (protein content of 16% - 20%), it is favored by consumers. Shrimp shell is rich in calcium, phosphorus, iron and other important nutrients, can be processed into feed additives, can also be processed chitin, chitin and chitosan and other industrial raw materials, widely used in agriculture, food, medicine, tobacco, paper , printing and dyeing fields. Therefore, the benefit-driven ultra-intensity fishing has reduced the production of lobster in the natural world, and there has been a trend of supply shortage in the market, and prices have continued to rise. Therefore, the development of artificial lobster breeding can not only make up for the lack of natural resources, solve the conflicts between the people's consumption and the current market supply and demand, but also can make the current rural farmers get rich. Artificial breeding of lobster should mainly grasp the following points:
1 artificial breeding of shrimp
1.1 The artificial breeding pond area for crawfish in shrimp breeding ponds should be 1200-2000 square meters, with a water depth of 0.5-1 meter, and a width of 1.5 meters or more around the pool. Escape facilities, inlet and outlet pipelines are complete.
1.2 The selection of broodstock for crayfish sexual maturity requires 9 - 12 months, male and female crawfish in the appearance of obvious characteristics, easy to identify, to achieve sexual maturity of the crayfish, male individuals significantly larger than the female, claw foot thick, There is a bright red soft palate on the outside of both ends of the foot; the genital hole is open at the foot base of step 5. Female abdomen enlargement.
The selection of broodstock is generally in September-October of the previous year or March-April of the same year. The selected broodstock requires more than 10 months of age, about 30 grams of body weight, robust physique, complete appendages, and no disease or injury. Male to female ratio is 2 - 3:1.
1.3 Prior to the stocking of broodstock, shrimp ponds should be routinely sterilized, and then about 800 kg of fermented rot straw or weeds should be applied per 667 square meters. At the same time, the same slice or bamboo or plastic tube should be set in the pool. Poplar roots must be used as broodstock habitat, shelling, shelter.
1.4 Cultivation of broodstock When broodstock is stocked, it is necessary to do a safe winter, strengthen feeding and management, and feed animal feed from March onwards, mainly on snail meat, slaughtered livestock and poultry, supplemented with some vitamins. High-content feed. Daily feeding amount: In March, 2% of broiler's weight - 3%, 4% - 5% in April, 6% - 8% in May, plus every 10 - 15 days since May. Water 1 time to promote gonad development in broodstock.
1.5 Reproduction of shrimp
4 - In May, when the water temperature reached 20°C, broodstock began mating. The male drains sperm into the female seminal vesicles and stores them before spawning. Fertilized eggs hatch into juvenile shrimp in the female's abdomen, and hatching takes 40-70 days. After hatching, the juveniles were all attached to the maternal abdominal swimming feet. Under the protection of the mothers, the growth and development of the larval stage were completed. When young shrimp leave the mother, they can take food and live independently. When a large number of juvenile shrimps are found in the breeding ponds, the seedlings should be collected in time to cultivate the shrimp species.
2 Young shrimp cultivation
2.1 The juvenile shrimp cultivation pond is preferably a cement pool with 20-40 square meters and a water depth of 0.6-0.8 meters. Area 1200 - 2,000 square meters, close to the water, good water quality, easy access to the drainage pond can also be used. For seedlings, the first step is to build anti-advance facilities, then disinfect the ponds, apply 500 kg of basal fertilizer per 667 square meters, and cultivate plankton to feed juvenile shrimp. At the same time set mesh, bamboo, etc., to increase the young shrimp habitat, shelling and hidden places.
2.2 Young larvae rear 100,000 to 150,000 young shrimp per 667 square meters. Juvenile shrimps are required to have neat specifications, robust physique, no disease, no injuries and strong viability. It is usually put on a sunny morning or on a cloudy day to prevent it from being released on a violent day at noon. After juvenile shrimps are stocked, they must fertilize the water quality and feed them in a timely manner. In the first week after stocking, the juveniles splashed soybean milk 3 to 4 times a day. After one week, they were fed with animal feed. The corn and wheat were properly processed into a paste feed, and they were fed one at a time in the morning and at night. Feeding 70% of the total amount, the daily amount of larvae per 100,000 juvenile shrimp feeding 2.5 - 4 kilograms, after about 10% of the body weight feed feed, young shrimp can be cultivated by 25 - 30 days About a centimeter, put into a shrimp pond culture.
3 Shrimp rearing and management The shrimp culture pond stocks 3 to 10 centimeters per 667 square meters of larvae, 10,000 to 15,000 tails, and raises about 4,000 species of summer fish to breed polyculture of shrimp and fish. Crayfish are omnivorous, and they feed on organic debris, algae, filamentous algae, aquatic plant roots, leaves, and debris under natural conditions. They also eat aquatic insects, as well as snails, clams, and fish. During artificial feeding, in addition to regular fertilization of plankton for its consumption, rice bran, bran, bean cake, miscellaneous fish, etc. can be directly fed to keep the feed protein content at about 25%. During the most prosperous period (May-September), the daily feeding amount is 5% – 8% of the shrimp body weight, and the remaining seasons are 1% – 3%. The specific feeding amount depends on the remaining feed after the previous day of feeding. determine.
In addition to maintaining adequate feed during the shrimp rearing process, new water must be added regularly to adjust the water quality, keep the water depth at 1.5 meters or more, and plant aquatic plants for shrimp to inhabit. At the same time, we should do a good job in preventing diseases. We regularly use quicklime to sterilize the food field and keep the water quality in the shrimp ponds cool.
1 artificial breeding of shrimp
1.1 The artificial breeding pond area for crawfish in shrimp breeding ponds should be 1200-2000 square meters, with a water depth of 0.5-1 meter, and a width of 1.5 meters or more around the pool. Escape facilities, inlet and outlet pipelines are complete.
1.2 The selection of broodstock for crayfish sexual maturity requires 9 - 12 months, male and female crawfish in the appearance of obvious characteristics, easy to identify, to achieve sexual maturity of the crayfish, male individuals significantly larger than the female, claw foot thick, There is a bright red soft palate on the outside of both ends of the foot; the genital hole is open at the foot base of step 5. Female abdomen enlargement.
The selection of broodstock is generally in September-October of the previous year or March-April of the same year. The selected broodstock requires more than 10 months of age, about 30 grams of body weight, robust physique, complete appendages, and no disease or injury. Male to female ratio is 2 - 3:1.
1.3 Prior to the stocking of broodstock, shrimp ponds should be routinely sterilized, and then about 800 kg of fermented rot straw or weeds should be applied per 667 square meters. At the same time, the same slice or bamboo or plastic tube should be set in the pool. Poplar roots must be used as broodstock habitat, shelling, shelter.
1.4 Cultivation of broodstock When broodstock is stocked, it is necessary to do a safe winter, strengthen feeding and management, and feed animal feed from March onwards, mainly on snail meat, slaughtered livestock and poultry, supplemented with some vitamins. High-content feed. Daily feeding amount: In March, 2% of broiler's weight - 3%, 4% - 5% in April, 6% - 8% in May, plus every 10 - 15 days since May. Water 1 time to promote gonad development in broodstock.
1.5 Reproduction of shrimp
4 - In May, when the water temperature reached 20°C, broodstock began mating. The male drains sperm into the female seminal vesicles and stores them before spawning. Fertilized eggs hatch into juvenile shrimp in the female's abdomen, and hatching takes 40-70 days. After hatching, the juveniles were all attached to the maternal abdominal swimming feet. Under the protection of the mothers, the growth and development of the larval stage were completed. When young shrimp leave the mother, they can take food and live independently. When a large number of juvenile shrimps are found in the breeding ponds, the seedlings should be collected in time to cultivate the shrimp species.
2 Young shrimp cultivation
2.1 The juvenile shrimp cultivation pond is preferably a cement pool with 20-40 square meters and a water depth of 0.6-0.8 meters. Area 1200 - 2,000 square meters, close to the water, good water quality, easy access to the drainage pond can also be used. For seedlings, the first step is to build anti-advance facilities, then disinfect the ponds, apply 500 kg of basal fertilizer per 667 square meters, and cultivate plankton to feed juvenile shrimp. At the same time set mesh, bamboo, etc., to increase the young shrimp habitat, shelling and hidden places.
2.2 Young larvae rear 100,000 to 150,000 young shrimp per 667 square meters. Juvenile shrimps are required to have neat specifications, robust physique, no disease, no injuries and strong viability. It is usually put on a sunny morning or on a cloudy day to prevent it from being released on a violent day at noon. After juvenile shrimps are stocked, they must fertilize the water quality and feed them in a timely manner. In the first week after stocking, the juveniles splashed soybean milk 3 to 4 times a day. After one week, they were fed with animal feed. The corn and wheat were properly processed into a paste feed, and they were fed one at a time in the morning and at night. Feeding 70% of the total amount, the daily amount of larvae per 100,000 juvenile shrimp feeding 2.5 - 4 kilograms, after about 10% of the body weight feed feed, young shrimp can be cultivated by 25 - 30 days About a centimeter, put into a shrimp pond culture.
3 Shrimp rearing and management The shrimp culture pond stocks 3 to 10 centimeters per 667 square meters of larvae, 10,000 to 15,000 tails, and raises about 4,000 species of summer fish to breed polyculture of shrimp and fish. Crayfish are omnivorous, and they feed on organic debris, algae, filamentous algae, aquatic plant roots, leaves, and debris under natural conditions. They also eat aquatic insects, as well as snails, clams, and fish. During artificial feeding, in addition to regular fertilization of plankton for its consumption, rice bran, bran, bean cake, miscellaneous fish, etc. can be directly fed to keep the feed protein content at about 25%. During the most prosperous period (May-September), the daily feeding amount is 5% – 8% of the shrimp body weight, and the remaining seasons are 1% – 3%. The specific feeding amount depends on the remaining feed after the previous day of feeding. determine.
In addition to maintaining adequate feed during the shrimp rearing process, new water must be added regularly to adjust the water quality, keep the water depth at 1.5 meters or more, and plant aquatic plants for shrimp to inhabit. At the same time, we should do a good job in preventing diseases. We regularly use quicklime to sterilize the food field and keep the water quality in the shrimp ponds cool.
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