First, plastic shed. The small shed is mainly made of fine bamboo or bamboo, Vitex, 6-8 cm steel, etc., used as scaffolding material, bent into an arch skeleton, medium-high 1-1.5 meters, span 2-3 meters, inserted every 60 meters in sequence Shelf, about 20-30 cm deep, depending on the terrain, covered with plastic film. The shed has a simple structure and is easy to construct. It is suitable for short-term coverage of cold-tolerant green leafy vegetables (such as cabbage, celery, leeks, spring sowing vegetables), early planting, and early harvesting.
Second, plastic shed. The span is 4-6 meters, the middle height is 1.5-2 meters, the center is set with a row of pillars, the distance between the arches is 1 meter, 3 arches are set with a pillar, and the pillars are connected longitudinally with a bamboo pole at 20 centimeters from the shed. The iron wires are tightened and the posts are fixed to form a whole. The arch is curved and the ends are inserted into the ground. The lower part of the arch rod without pillars is fixed on the vertical rod by the lower end of the suspension column, and the upper end supports the arch rod. It is also possible to add a row of columns into a double row column shed. The middle shed is mainly used for spring early-maturing cultivation of cold-tolerant green leafy vegetables or for the use of exposed vegetable dishes. It can also be used for early spring and late autumn cultivation of fruits and vegetables. In terms of production, many so-called greenhouses are actually sheds.
Third, plastic greenhouses. 1. Bamboo-arched plastic sheds: spans 8-14 meters, medium-high 2.2-2.5 meters, 50 meters long, with 3-6 cm diameter bamboo poles as arches, with 4-6 rows of arches per row Pillar support, arch spacing 1.0-1.2 meters, column with cement or wood pole, column spacing 3.0-3.6 meters. The struts without struts are supported by hanging columns. The plastic film is covered on the arch rod and the film line is used on the 8th line. The structure of the shed is simple, low in cost, easy to promote, but shading more, inconvenient operation. 2. Assembled galvanized steel pipe plastic film greenhouse: span 6-8 meters, medium-height 2.5-3 meters, length 30-50 meters, made of φ221.2-1.5 mm thin-walled steel pipe, arch rod, tie rod, Pole. The shed is assembled into a shed body by means of clamps and bushings connected to the awning rods, and the plastic film is covered with a film groove. A large piece of film on the upper cover, under the two shoulders and apron under the 1 meter high foot, easy to bleed air. This kind of greenhouse frame is a stereotyped product with uniform specifications, easy assembly and disassembly, large space inside the shed, no pillars, convenient operation, and sufficient light.
Greenhouse Planning and Design
First, the site selection and planning: the site of the greenhouse should be selected sunny, sheltered from the wind, the terrain is flat, fertile soil, good soil quality, adequate water, drainage and irrigation facilities, no tall trees and buildings around the shade. When constructing large sheds, the distance between sheds should be kept between 2 and 2.5 meters, and the distance between sheds should be 5 to 6 meters to facilitate ventilation and transportation.
Second, the specifications and direction of greenhouses: greenhouses generally 30-50 meters long, 6-12 meters wide is appropriate. The long temperature difference between two heads is too large, and transportation management is not convenient; too wide ventilation and poor ventilation also increase the difficulty of design and construction. The height of 2.2 to 2.8 meters is appropriate. The higher the greenhouse is, the greater the wind load is. However, the greenhouse is too low, the arc of the shed is small, and it is easily damaged by the wind. When the rain is heavy, it will form a water pocket and cause a collapse. The direction of the greenhouse is very important. The greenhouses extended from north to south receive uniform light and are suitable for spring and autumn production. The greenhouses in the extended east and west have good lighting conditions in winter.
Third, the shed type and high distance ratio: shed type and high-span ratio is mainly related to the stability of the greenhouse. At a certain wind speed, the streamlined shed has a large arc, the wind speed is weakened, the wind resistance is better, and the high-span ratio of the shouldered shed is small, the arc is small, and the wind resistance is poor.
How to build a greenhouse
Mainly consists of columns, arches, membranes, pressure rods or 8th iron wire. The cross section of this greenhouse is a tunnel type, with vertical and horizontal north and south, 50-150 meters long sheds and 13 meters wide sheds.
First, the establishment of columns: Columns use 68 cm cement columns or 58 cm wood columns or bamboo rafts can be, a row of columns every 3.2 meters in the north-south direction, each row is generally composed of 4-6 columns, the column is higher 2 meters above the ground, two lumbar columns 1.5 meters above the ground, two side columns 0.7 meters above the ground, pillars buried 0.3-0.4 meters below the ground, each column must be fixed, buried, buried Straight, and make the north-south and north-east row, the height of each column is the same.
Second, install the arch rod and tie rod: rod select duck egg bamboo, fixed at the top of the column 0.3 meters below the top, so that each row of vertical columns form an integral whole. The arch rod is fixed on the top of the column with duck eggs and tightened with iron wire.
Third, the cover film: film is best to use non-drop film, the width of the choice according to shed type span, first from both sides to start, and then turn up to cover, the two membrane joints overlapping each other 20 cm, between the two arches on the shelf film Set up a film rod, press the film, so that the shelf surface into a mutual prismatic type.
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