Bean blight is a soil-borne fungal disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum, which only harms the kidney beans.
1. Symptoms were mostly identified at the early flowering stage, and a large number of plants died during the prosperous period. At the beginning of the disease, irregular chlorotic plaques appear on the tip and leaf margins of the lower leaves, which resemble boiled water. The entire leaf loses green and wilts, turns yellow to yellow-brown, and develops from the lower leaves to the upper leaves. After 5 days, the whole plant withered and the leaves turned yellow. Sometimes only a few branches wither and the remaining branches are still normal. Roots of the diseased plants are undeveloped, discolored and rot, and easy to pull up. The stems, branches and petioles were dissected, and the vascular bundles turned dark brown. The diseased plants often wilted on sunny days or at noon, and the plants died in severe cases.
2. Occurrence of regular pathogens: Mycelium, chlamydospore, or sclerotia are overwintering in diseased or diseased topdressing, and the seeds can become carriers of bacteria, becoming the primary source of infection for the second year. Pathogens can rot in the soil. The pathogen is mainly transmitted by flowing water. It can also be directly invaded by the apical cells of the roots or root hairs. After growing in the parenchyma, it enters the catheter and develops a large number of conidia. It spreads to the tender tips, branches and leaves of the plants with the aid of the rising liquid flow. Ministry, causing the whole disease.
3. Control methods (1) Agricultural control. Selection of disease-resistant varieties, such as Chunfeng No. 1 and No. 2, nine white, harvest No. 1 and so on. Apply enough organic fertilizer to increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Low-lying sorghum or semi-high mulch film mulching cultivation, proper control of watering, flood irrigation. Severe disease field and non-legume crop rotation for 3 to 5 years. The timely removal of diseased plants can reduce the spread of pathogens in the field. (2) Chemical control. Before sowing, use 50% carbendazim WP to seed 0.5% of the seed weight, or 50% carbendazim WP 2 kg/mu, add 50~100 kg of fine soil and mix it in the sowing ditch. Inside, cover with a layer of fine soil and sow. After the diseased plant was found in the field, immediately use 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times, or 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 400 times, or 10% double-effect water repellent 250 times, spray the diseased plant. The liquid will flow into the soil along the stem and wet the base of the stem, once every 7 to 10 days, and spray 2 to 3 times.
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