Watermelon sweetness is the most direct indicator of market acceptance. We all know that the sweetness of watermelon is determined by the level of sugar content, high sugar content is sweet, low sugar content is light. How can we produce watermelons with high sugar content and good economic returns? Apart from the daily scientific management, the most important thing is to do homework on the selection of varieties and fertilization.
Whether watermelon is sweet or not
The reasons for the differences in the sweetness of watermelons are: first, the genetic basis of watermelon varieties is different; second, the maturity of watermelons is not the same; third, climate factors and soil texture are different; and fourth, the impact of cultivation management. For example, the sugar content of watermelon varieties is only 5% to 6%, while the sugar content of high sugar varieties can reach 12%. Some varieties, such as Zhengzhou No. 3, have the highest sugar content at maturity, but the sugar content at the time of full maturity is reduced. . However, varieties such as Xinhongbao and Mibao are picked later, and the sugar content not only does not decrease, but also increases. In general, adequate light, large temperature difference between day and night, is conducive to the transformation of nutrients and sugar accumulation; rain, low temperature, sunshine, small temperature difference between day and night, the accumulation of nutrients less. The sandy loam heats up quickly, and it has a strong fertility and water retention capacity. The sugar of watermelons accumulates more; the soil is poor, and the watermelon plants are prone to vegetative growth, and the sugar content is low. With the increase of organic fertilizers, watermelons with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers have high sugar content, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, and nutrient overgrowth. Watermelon plant nutrients are consumed more and the sugar content decreases.
The key to selecting fertilizer
When planting watermelon, in order to improve the sweetness, good selection of varieties and fertilization techniques should be the two junctures.
First, choose a variety with high sugar content. Among the early maturing varieties, the sugar content of Zhengza 5 was 10.5% to 11%, Jingxin 1 was about 11%, and the medium-maturing variety Zhengza 6 was about 11%. The sugar content of Xinhongbao was 10% to 11%. The sugar content of Fengshou 2 and Fengshou 3 was 10% to 11%. In the late-maturing varieties, the sugar content of Hongyou 2 was about 11%. The fruitless watermelon black honey No. 2 contained 11% sugar, and the yellow-skinned red meat early-maturing variety Baocan had a sugar content of 12%.
Second, it is necessary to allocate enough basic basal fertilizer. In the application of fertilizers should be dominated by organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizers. In the structure of fertilizers, nitrogen and potassium fertilizers should be the main, followed by phosphate fertilizers, with appropriate amount of trace element fertilizers. Organic fertilizer promotes the application of various types of cake fertilizers, soil miscellaneous fertilizers, and plant ash, and actively promotes organic active compound fertilizers and bio-organic compound fertilizers. At the same time, high-rate whole-element compound fertilizers are appropriately applied to avoid single application of nitrogen fertilizers. The base fertilizer should be applied with 75-100 kg of cake fertilizer per acre, or 4000-5000 kg of soil-fertilizer, 50-100 kg of plant ash, 100 kg of bio-organic compound fertilizer, 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, or 100 kg of special organic compound fertilizer. High content of compound fertilizer 30 to 40 kg. Of course, all localities should increase or decrease the amount according to the conditions of soil quality and fertility.
Third, increase the use of basal fertilizers. Watermelon basal fertilizer application method, one is to open the ditch, the second is to play nest cave, there are a few appendages. In order to concentrate the use of fertilizers, reduce churn, and increase fertilizer efficiency, it is advisable to promote acupuncture and application. The base fertilizer of watermelon should be applied in different times and used in layers. For the first fertilization, about 20 days before melon seedling planting, 70% of the total amount of basal fertilizer was applied and the depth was 25 cm; the second fertilization was applied 10% of the total amount of basal fertilizer 10 days before melon seedling planting. 10 cm. To be mixed with the field soil while fertilizing, then cover the soil. The second time Shixue Shi, leaving a mark after the application, in order to melon seedlings by hole transplanting, quickly absorb nutrients, improve fertilizer utilization.
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