In recent years, Yandu District in Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, has introduced an innovative approach to white shrimp farming through the implementation of a Fisheries Science and Technology Demonstration Project. This new breeding model has achieved significant economic and social benefits. The average output per pond is around 350 kg, with a net profit reaching up to 5,000 yuan. Notably, no chemical drugs are used during the entire breeding process, and the shrimps produced meet the "pollution-free aquatic product" standard. Below is a detailed description of this successful model.
**I. Pond Conditions and Preparation**
1. **Shrimp Pond Construction**: Low-lying farmland is utilized to build "high foot ponds," typically covering more than 10 acres but no more than 50 acres. The excavated soil is used to reinforce the pool edges with concrete, creating a 5-meter-wide, 1-meter-thick, and 1.2-meter-deep structure. Water is pumped from nearby rivers, reaching a maximum depth of 1.6 meters, with water quality meeting the NY5051-2001 standards.
2. **Supporting Facilities**: Each 5 mu (approximately 0.33 hectares) of water area is equipped with one electric submersible pump, one cement boat, and one aerator. A temporary culvert is built in the ring ditch, along with a large shed and a small holding pool covered with plastic film for seedling rotation.
3. **Pond Disinfection**: After harvest, the pond is drained, silt is removed, and the bottom is sun-dried. In early April, 100 kg of quicklime per mu is applied, followed by 50 kg of tea seed cake soaked in water after a day. After 2–3 days, the disinfectant water is discharged, and the pond is exposed to sunlight for 3–5 days.
4. **Seedling Preparation**: Three to five days before stocking, the greenhouse tank is filled with 60 cm of water, with 2 kg of coarse salt added per cubic meter. Trace elements and "High-Efficiency Live Bacteria Fertilizer Water King" are also introduced to cultivate zooplankton such as rotifers for the young shrimp.
**II. Seed Stocking**
1. **Selecting Shrimp Seedlings**: Healthy, quarantine-certified seedlings with body lengths of 0.8–1.2 cm are selected. They should have clean bodies, no attachments, straight appearance, black heads, thick intestines, and be responsive. The nursery water should be golden yellow, pH 7.8–8.4, and within 3°C of the pond temperature.
2. **Stocking Schedule**: Four batches are released in mid-April, mid-May, early June, and mid-June, with 25,000 seedlings per acre each time. The first batch is raised in greenhouses for 20 days before being moved to the pond, while subsequent batches are held in the Datang pond for 12–15 days before being transferred.
3. **Adding Fish and Crabs**: Around the end of May, 100 g of squid per acre and 40 g of bigeye larvae per acre are stocked.
**III. Daily Feeding and Management**
1. **Holding and Feeding**: Feed is given 4–6 times daily, reducing waste and pollution. Initially, shrimp slices are used for 3–5 days, followed by specialized feed. Acclimatization is important, and water is changed daily by 1/5, with regular aeration and disease prevention using allicin and vitamin C.
2. **Water Quality Adjustment**: Bioagents are used to maintain water quality, with adjustments made every 3–5 days. After 40–50 days, bottom reform agents are used to improve pond conditions.
3. **Feeding Strategy**: High-quality feed from trusted manufacturers is used, accounting for 2.5–4% of the shrimp’s body weight. Feeding is done four times daily, with bait stations observed for optimal results.
4. **Aerator Use**: Aeration starts 30–40 days post-stocking, increasing over time. Special attention is given during adverse weather or when shrimp show signs of stress.
**IV. Shrimp Harvesting and Sales**
From late June, shrimps are sold daily, with 30–80 kg harvested per day. Early catches use 9# nets, while 10# nets are used from August. By the Chongyang Festival, crabs are manually caught at night, and all fish and crabs are harvested by early November.
**V. Benefit Analysis**
A household with 12 acres of ponds generated 4,600 kg of shrimp, 383 kg of muping, and 128,800 yuan in revenue in 2008. Total input was 751,200 yuan, resulting in a net income of 61,380,000 yuan, with an input-output ratio of 1:1.82.
**VI. Summary and Discussion**
This model improves efficiency by releasing seedlings in multiple batches, maintaining optimal density, and avoiding disease through biological agents. Continuous harvesting ensures steady sales and higher profits. Small amounts of crabs are added to control diseases and monitor water quality. Proper temperature management during seedling holding is essential, and algae growth is controlled by maintaining water fatness and introducing carp species.
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