First, pond selection for blackfish breeding should not be excessively large. A typical size is between 3 to 5 acres, with a depth of 1.5 to 2.0 meters. The pond bottom should be firm, with a thickness of about 15 to 20 centimeters, ensuring good water quality and convenient drainage. A stable and sufficient water source is also essential for successful blackfish farming.
Second, when selecting fish species for stocking, it's important to consider market demand. Currently, blackfish that weigh between 0.7 to 2.0 kg are in high demand. Therefore, fingerlings of 75 to 100 grams per fish are ideal for initial stocking. Stocking density depends on feed availability and feeding techniques. Typically, 2,000 to 2,500 fish per acre is a common range. Additionally, some farmers may choose to rear larger fish, around 100 to 150 grams each, at a rate of 400 to 500 per acre.
Third, feeding blackfish is relatively straightforward since they are opportunistic feeders, consuming both live and dead food. When raising them in captivity, it's important to establish a feeding schedule and train the fish to come to the feeding area. Feed them twice daily, once at 10 a.m. and again at 3 p.m. After about 5 to 7 days, the fish should become accustomed to feeding and will gather near the feeding table. During feeding, observe their behavior closely. If few fish are present and feeding activity is low, it indicates they are full, and you can stop feeding.
Fourth, blackfish have a large appetite and produce a lot of waste, which can quickly lead to nutrient-rich pond water. This can promote excessive plankton growth, potentially causing oxygen depletion. It’s crucial to monitor dissolved oxygen levels regularly. In case of severe oxygen deficiency, methods like surface aeration or adding oxygenating agents can be used. For example, applying worms at a depth of 2 to 3 meters along the pond edge at a concentration of 0.5 to 1.0 ppm can help improve oxygen levels.
Blackfish generally have strong disease resistance and rarely suffer from illnesses during normal farming conditions. However, poor management, inadequate feeding, or unfavorable water conditions in late autumn can increase the risk of disease. Therefore, careful observation is necessary during this period, and any signs of illness should be addressed immediately to prevent further spread.
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