Mango old tree update technology

Mango orchard management involves various techniques such as thinning, renewal, and pruning to maintain productivity and tree health. In recent years, many mango orchards have been planted at low densities. After 6 to 8 years of growth, heavy fruiting and repeated pruning lead to an increase in large branches within the canopy. This causes excessive shading, weak growth, and reduced yields. To address this, proper thinning is essential—removing some trees to allow better air circulation and light penetration. This not only improves fruit quality but also enhances overall yield. For older or poorly managed orchards, a process known as retraction and renewal is effective. This method involves cutting back half of the trees in alternate years, allowing the remaining trees to continue producing while the others recover. The retraction should be done on main or lateral branches, typically 30 to 60 cm from the trunk. A short cut on a branch with a diameter of about 5 cm helps reshape the canopy. With good care, the trees can recover within a year and start producing fruit again the following year. Rotational pruning on 3-4-year-old branches allows for continuous production during the update process. This is usually done in spring or autumn. For example, after three years, the east and north sides of the canopy are pruned, allowing the west and south sides to continue fruiting. The next year, the previously pruned areas are updated. This cycle ensures adequate spacing and maintains consistent fruiting. When updating the main branches, it's important to make short cuts during sunny days. Applying fungicides after pruning helps prevent infections. Before the cut, loosen the soil around the roots and apply sufficient base fertilizer to support new growth. This ensures that the tree regains its vigor quickly. For older or tall trees, backbone updates are useful. These involve cutting the trunk 50 to 80 cm above the ground, helping to create a more manageable canopy. This method is similar to main branch updates and helps restore tree vigor effectively. To improve low-yielding or poor-quality mango varieties, grafting is an effective technique. Trees aged 5 to 7 years with crowns under 3 to 4 meters can be grafted directly. Larger trees may require grafting when new shoots appear. Grafting is best done in spring or autumn, with high survival rates achieved between July and September due to favorable weather conditions. Spring grafting, especially in February or March, has lower success rates due to cooler temperatures and higher humidity. After grafting, proper care is crucial. Apply organic fertilizer, keep the soil moist, and monitor for pests. Once new shoots emerge, prune them appropriately and encourage healthy growth. With consistent care, the trees can regain their original shape and productivity. In summary, orchard renewal requires careful planning, timely pruning, and ongoing management. Whether through thinning, retraction, or grafting, these methods help ensure long-term productivity and quality in mango orchards.

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