Due to the influence of strong cold air or cold waves, winter vegetables are prone to low-temperature and freezing damage and affect the economic income of vegetable farmers. Several remedial measures after freezing are introduced for reference by farmers.
Applying quick-impact fertilizer. After the frozen vegetables are recovered from the slow-onset seedlings, the available nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can be timely applied to promote the recovery of the vegetable plants. Before low temperature, 0.2%～0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution can be sprayed 1~2 times to improve the cold resistance; or 400~500kg of thin human and animal manure water and fertilizer can be applied per acre to reduce the degree of freezing of the soil and reduce the freezing damage. . Spreading 50-100 lb of fire-soil ash or plant-wood ash between the compartments of the vegetable can not only prevent cold and freeze, but also play a role in increasing potash fertilizer, and has a good effect on the control of root rot of cruciferous vegetables.
Spray water or steam inhibitor. Sheltered vegetables and seedlings are light frostbite 2 to 3 days later, short-term shade before and after noon, avoid strong light and sudden loss of water. According to the humidity condition, a small amount of fresh water is sprayed at noon to increase the surface temperature and humidity, inhibit the dehydration and drying of the frozen tissue, and promote the absorption of frozen tissue. Within a few days, less ventilation, appropriate increase in greenhouse temperature, in order to promote the restoration of vitality. In the first 3 to 4 days before the onset of the cold wave, sunny days sprayed 30 to 40 times of the oil suppressant on the vegetable plants to form a layer of invisible cold film on the leaves, which is conducive to reducing the transpiration of the leaves and protecting the temperature of the vegetables. , to achieve the purpose of cold.
Irrigation insulation. Winter vegetables are mostly caused by water shortage due to freezing injury. Since the specific heat of water is higher than that of air and the heat dissipation is slow, sufficient water can be poured before freezing or selected weather (above 20°C) in winter to fill enough water to prevent freezing. The irrigation of horse water or watering of the frozen vegetables can increase the heat capacity of the soil and prevent the ground temperature from continuing to fall and reduce the freezing damage. After watering, pouring enough water, watering or watering, grasp the favorable period when temperature rises, and loosen soil to keep warm.
Block insulation. In the afternoon before the onset of the cold wave, straw, rice straw, etc. can be used to cover the vegetables or vegetables to reduce wind and cold mechanical damage. However, care must be taken not to cover up all vegetables to prevent photosynthesis. When a strong cold wave or frost appears, it can be covered in the greenhouse to increase the temperature, there is a significant insulation antifreeze effect.
Trimming. After being frozen, timely cut off the young shoots that have been frozen to death. Even if the seedlings of the pepper seedlings are frozen, the side branches can be germinated well. Take one of the strong branches to replace the main stem and cut off the remaining side branches. Fresh pruned celery after pruning in the open field can also germinate new leaves.
Grab the rush. In order to reduce economic losses, cold-resistant spinach, Chinese cabbage, radish vegetables, and lettuce can be planted after the weather warms up. It is best to rush in the middle and small sheds, early emergence, early growth.
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