Cucumber seedlings shrinking fertilizer is the main cause

In winter, cucumbers are grown in greenhouses, and cucumbers that are growing better in the early stages are often encountered. In the period of melon or melons, some melons gradually or abruptly appear to shrink, and the whole plant will die. The author investigates agriculture in the countryside. It is heartbreaking to see such symptoms during production.

Why can the greenhouse cucumber seedlings appear wilting? From a large number of investigations, there are several reasons for the formation. First, the concentration of fertilizer is too large, especially when applying chemical fertilizers near the roots of cucumbers, it is very easy to burn the guajava seedlings; Second, the application of organic fertilizers with higher nitrogen content. During the decomposition process, ammonia gas is produced. When the temperature rises, the ammonia concentration is too large to cause wilting dead seedlings. Third, it is persistently cloudy or rainy, and it is steep and sunny after the snowfall. Because of the inversion, the guajava sprouts often wilting or die; Excessive ventilation at high temperatures, or film damage, cold wind invasion, causing wilting dead seedlings; Fifth, the damage of rhizosphere nematodes will also lead to atrophy. Among the above-mentioned reasons, some are caused by human error and some are physiological diseases. However, improper application of fertilizer and water should be the main reason. The following corresponding technology should be taken to prevent it.

First, a reasonable carrier fertilizer. The roots of cucumbers are more developed, but most of them are concentrated on the soil surface. In order to promote early-onset roots and multiple roots and prevent fertilizer and water misuses from inhibiting the growth of root groups, attention should be paid to the following aspects when fertilizing water: First, use adequately decomposed organic fertilizer or bio-organic compound fertilizer as the base fertilizer; second, control the amount of base fertilizer. Especially for bio-organic compound fertilizers with high nitrogen content, the amount per acre should not exceed 75 kg. Third, when applying nitrogen fertilizer, it is necessary to deepen the application, and secondly, it must be farther away from the cucumber root system; When planting melon seedlings, planting water with less irrigation and pouring water back to Qingshui as appropriate, the temperature is low, soil moisture is high, rainy weather is encountered, and little or no water is poured back. In the case of high temperatures and continuous droughts, only Infiltration of fine water in the shed can not flood irrigation.

Second, scientifically control the greenhouse temperature. The initial period of colonization is generally not ventilated. During the daytime sheds are maintained at 25°C to 30°C, and at night they are maintained at 12°C to 15°C and are not lower than 10°C. With the continuous growth of melon seedlings, it is necessary to adjust the air temperature in time. One can prevent diseases, two can avoid plant aging, three can add carbon dioxide. However, the regulation of temperature must be conducive to the growth of cucumbers. Generally, the temperature rises to 30°C during the day and it is ventilated. In the afternoon, the film is closed at 28°C. The night temperature during the melon period should not fall below 12°C.

Third, strengthen the protection of greenhouses. One is to constantly manage the ditch around the greenhouse and keep it open so that it can be drained in a timely manner, especially for rapid filtration. Second, it is necessary to check whether the shed film is damaged or uncovered every day. Pay attention to repair to ensure warming and warming. Third, we must cover the straw curtain before the advent of strong winds, lock the ropes, to prevent the film from inadvertently injuring melon seedlings.

Fourth, prevent underground pests. The nematode disease causing cucumber wilting is caused by the damage of underground nematodes. Root-knot nematodes are generally distributed in the soil layer 3 to 9 cm above the ground. The roots of the affected roots form root nodules and gradually enlarge. After the root tissue is destroyed, the absorption and transportation of fertilizer and water are hindered. The plants are dwarfed, the leaves turn yellow, and when they are severe, they are wilting or death. The method of prevention can be controlled by pest control of the central organic fertilizer granules, 25 kg per mu as the base fertilizer, or with the organic fertilizer Yangda liquid fertilizer 1:300 times, spray 3 to 4 times or Irrigating roots once can inhibit root-knot nematode disease and increase cucumber production.

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