The budding period is an important period in the management of winter jujube trees. The management of this period has a very important impact on realizing the high yield, stable quality and high quality of winter jujube. The author combined with practical experience, summed up the jujube in the bud stage should do the following work:
Fertilize
NPK fertilizer is advocated in combination with microbial organic fertilizers, and controlled-release fertilizers are used in combination with microbial organic fertilizers. Each of the resulting winter jujube trees can be treated with about 2 kg of controlled release fertilizer from Jin Zhengda and about 3 kg of organic biofertilizer from PepsiCo. It is better to fertilize the soil by digging it radially. It is also possible to use acupuncture and it is better not to apply it. Because the jujube tree is a medium-depth root plant, the suitable depth of fertilization is 20 to 35 cm.
2. Trim
1 pull sticks. The budding period is the best period for the winter jujube tree to pull branches. It is easy to crack early and it is too late. Mainly for some branches do not open branches, generally pulled to about 70 degrees.
2 wipe buds. Excessive sprouts in the bud should be erased in time to reduce the consumption of nourishment nutrients. The eradicated buds should be brought out of the park for destruction to prevent the breeding of diseases and insects in the garden.
3 Topping. In late April, 2 to 3 jujubes hanging on jujube heads germinated on jujube stocks for topping to control vegetative growth and promote reproductive growth.
4 buds. For some places where there is a large space and there is no growth of branches, 0.5 cm above the bud in this direction, use a knife to cut the phloem (be careful not to hurt the xylem) and promote the germination of the bud.
3. Soil protection
After fertilization, timely loosen the soil to level and thin the surface of the soil to prevent soil moisture from evaporating, so that soil under the concrete, the ground flat and clean, to ensure the normal growth of the jujube root system. For jujube gardens that have not been irrigated during the winter season, they should be well punished and watered with small leeches to prevent flooding.
4. Covering the film
To increase the ground temperature and maintain the soil moisture, it is recommended to cover the plastic film within one meter of the tree plate. It is best to apply 3% phoxim granules before the cover to kill the pests that live in the ground during the winter. .
5. Pest control
In the budding stage of winter jujube, the key to prevention and control of blind plague, concurrent treatment of diseases such as red spider, jujube gnat mosquito and dry rot, can take the following methods:
1 trunk tied plastic strips and poison ropes. A 6 to 10 cm wide plastic strip is wrapped around the tree trunk and the upper part is re-wound. The poison rope is tied at the lower part of the rewinding. It is replaced once every two months, replaced and then destroyed centrally. This can effectively prevent and cure the trees unearthed at this stage. Pests.
2 phoxim granules. In the jujube garden not covered with film, the phoxim granules were applied once a month in early April and late, and they were slaughtered to kill the unearthed overwintering pests.
3 spray chemical agents. During the germination period, the whole garden sprayed once bactericide and insecticide to kill the remaining pests and diseases. It is recommended to use 3 to 5 Baume degree lime sulfur or 60% Baitai 1500 times spray sterilization before germination. In the germination stage, 48% chlorpyrifos 2000 times solution was used, or 10% diverted 1000-1500 times of the suspension agent, or 5% stuck powder 1500 times solution was sprayed to kill insects. The prevention of dry rot can be carried out in early April. It is recommended to use fulvicid or 50% Tribecid dry powder 3000 times for smearing. First use a knife to cut the phloem at the lesion and then use the brush to apply it. Generally applied once a week, wipe 2 to 3 times.
6. Grafting
The grafting methods used on jujube include splicing, splicing, and bud grafting. The method of production is generally based on splicing the spliced ​​skin. This method is suitable for nursery grafting and tree replacement. The specific method of operation is as follows: After the tree is peeled off, cut the anvil about 10 cm away from the ground on the smooth surface of the rootstock, remove all the side branches from the rootstock, and cut the cortex vertically from the top to the bottom of the rootstock. The blade length is 3 to 4 cm and the depth is up to the xylem. Then select the high-quality but pure winter date scion. Cut 0.5 cm above the bud, and leave 4 to 6 cm below the bud to cut. Cut 3 to 4 cm below the bottom of the bud. The slope, the scion oblique into the rootstock, and then tightly packed with plastic, plastic bags can be set. After grafting and survival, shoot buds promptly and tie them in time when they grow to 30 centimeters long, so as to prevent the wind from blowing off new grafted shoots.
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