The continuous drought is the worst drought in Yunnan province that has not been encountered for a hundred years. The loss of small spring crops has affected the people’s production and life. The party committee of the city and the government proposed the loss of the spring festival in Xiaochun, carrying out water reforms and droughts, promoting mulching on corn production, and issuing 20,000 mu of corn mulching film to the city. The city timely covered 20,000 mu of corn mulch. The (township) towns are implemented in villages and households.
Corn mulching is an effective way to increase the yield of drought-resistant seedlings for maize. Corn mulching has the following effects:
(1) Warming: The daily temperature during seedling stage is 3.9°C, the daily temperature during jointing stage is 3.3°C, and the daily temperature in tasseling stage is 1.3°C, and the effective accumulated temperature is 307-389.4°C.
(2) Moisturizing: 0-20cm of corn covered with plastic film has more soil moisture than exposed land, and reserves 2.66 cubic meters of stored water.
(3) Increase the light intensity in the field.
(4) Weed suppression.
(5) Increased production: 50-70 kg per mu.
Cultivation points:
1. Choose a plastic film: Use a 0.008 mm mulch film with a film width of 60cm or 70cm. Use 2.5-3 kg per acre.
2, fine soil preparation, clear the former bean root.
3. Ridging and ditching, sowing in width and width, big line 60cm, small line 40cm, ridge height 15cm.
4, full base fertilizer, Mushi farmyard fertilizer 1000-1500 kg, seed fertilizer urea 10 kg, 30 kg of calcium, zinc fertilizer 2 kg, artificial water, pouring enough water.
Take measures:
1, first sowing cover film.
2, after the first cover film hole seeding, sowing a seed per hole, plant spacing 7-8 inches, cover soil tightly.
3, in the cover film must be sprayed before killing or kung fu and other pesticides to control underground pests.
4. Timely sowing: End of sowing within April 19 - April 30.
5. Adjust the flowering period: sowing the wrong time, sowing the first father 7-9 days ahead of time; the second period of the parent and the female parent sowing, ensure the seed production, planting the father in the field of the field as a sampling area.
6. Parents' ratio and density: Choose 1:5 ratio, that is, 1 parent and 5 female parents, and the mother density is 4,500.
7. Draw seedlings out of the film, and check the seedlings with film and cover soil immediately after sowing for 7 days.
8. Management: After the emergence of mulching corn, pesticide should be sprayed in time to prevent and control the hazards of the ground tiger, so that three-leaf seedlings and five-leaf seedlings can be established.
9, fertilization: In the 6.5 leaves - 7 leaves hole topdressing urea 20 kg cover soil cover strict, in the corn plants into 10.5-11 leaves in time to lift the film topdressing urea 30 kg, combined with large earth.
Seed production techniques:
1, to Xiong: To master the emasculation time, generally touch the top of the mother plant, touch the tassel wrapped tassels, this time to the best males, detasseling time is too early, Xiong Hui has not yet bulging, with Too many leaves affect the photosynthesis, too late tassel has been extracted, that is, loose powder, affecting the quality of seeds. When detasseling, the left hand holds the mother-parent plant, near the emasculated area, and the right hand grasps the top of the plant and pulls up. Only the 1-2 leaves of the parietal lobe are better.
2. Pollination: Artificially assisted pollination is a necessary part of the high-yielding and high-quality seed production technology, and it is an effective measure to increase the seed-setting rate and reduce the scourge and baldness. The links that should be grasped are: making applicable powder sampling, pollinator, tools for picking powder, sieves, porcelain basins; the pollenator can use bamboo tubes of 10-15cm in length and diameter of about 3cm, with a layer of sandcloth under the mouth, with Rubber bands are tightly packed. Small bottles or breast pumps can also be used.
3. Grasp the time of powder collection and pollination: the frequency of artificial pollination and the amount of powder, which are mainly the maternal silking period (the vast majority of maternal spinning) and artificial pollination in the later period. The pollination time is 9:00 am, when the dew is dry, it can be pollinated by pollinator. The best temperature is 20-25 °C, and pollination is stopped when the temperature exceeds 30 °C. Pollination is mainly in the middle of 2-3 lines, pollination in the silking period 2-3 times.
4. Grasp the method of pollination and pollination: When the powder is collected, the powder collection tool is held in one hand, and it is close to the upper end of the parent plant. When the parent stalk is gently shaken in one hand, the pollen falls into the device and is then sieved to remove impurities. , anthers, pests, pollination when pollen first put pollinator, Mongolian Shabu, and then the pollinator at the parental pollination pollen, for filaments long and fresh cut with scissors, leaving 1cm long and then Pollination.
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