Whether it is in open or protected areas, planting tomatoes often occurs with leaf curling with different symptoms. In response to this issue, the author consulted relevant experts. According to the analysis, the reasons for the curling and shrinking of tomato leaves are very complex. On the one hand, physiological curling caused by inappropriate cultivation and management measures, unfavorable environmental conditions, etc., is caused by the virus disease and the damage caused by the tea plant. . Wrong measures and unfavorable conditions caused by leaf curling, should start from the cultivation and management of the right medicine; and virus disease and tea leaf curl caused by tea seedlings are invasive diseases, and timely medication control. In general, virus disease and the curling of leaves caused by tea-sorghum generally only occur at the top of the new leaves, and the old leaves at the lower part are not easily affected. Physiological blade curling occurs at the leaves of the entire plant, which can be used as a distinction.
I. Physiological curling
1, topping and pruning prematurely. Too early picking tends to breed axillary buds. Phosphoric acid in the leaves has no place to transport, resulting in aging of the leaves and a large number of leaf curling. Removal of collaterals is generally performed when it grows to more than 7 cm. If snoring is too early, the area of ​​leaf assimilation is reduced, the growth of the above-ground parts of the plant is poor, and the development of the root system is affected, and the ability of water absorption and absorption is weakened, thereby inducing leaf rolling.
2, high temperature and drought. When tomatoes are planted in the hot season, the leaves of the first ear usually roll slightly, or the entire leaf curls into a tube and becomes brittle. The reason is that due to the high temperature and drought, the stomata of the leaves are closed, causing the leaves to curl. Prevention and control measures, drought resistance after planting until fruit setting, timely watering and fertilization after fruit setting, taking care to avoid excessive drought, and avoid pouring water after drought, paying special attention to watering tomatoes at noon at high temperature; On sunny days, cover during the day and exposing at night. Cloudy weather does not cover.
3, cold invasion. In the shed, the air is released too quickly, and the outdoor cold air exchanges strongly with the indoor warm air, which can easily cause curling of the tomato leaves near the vents. Under normal circumstances, as long as the wind is gradually released, this problem will not arise.
4, improper fertilization. If too much nitrogen fertilizer is applied, it will cause the leaflets to turn over and curl. The lack of phosphorus shows the purple back of the leaves, brown dots on the leaves, the lower leaves rolling up, the old leaves turning yellow, and the dark brown leaves dead. In general, low temperature during seedling stage will affect the absorption of phosphorus, soil acidity or compaction is also easy to lack of phosphorus, can be solved by applying soil phosphate fertilizer or spraying 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the lack of magnesium in the first greenhouse expansion period, plant The old leaves of the lower part of the plant are chlorotic, yellowing occurs between veins, and then they expand upwards to form yellow leaves. In severe cases, the leaves are stiff or rolled on the edges, and there are necrotic spots or brown bands between veins. This can be solved by applying a full-element fertilizer or foliar spraying of magnesium sulfate.
5, 2.4-D and other hormones harm. The symptoms of 2.4-D injury are bent leaves or growing points, the new leaves can not be normal expansion, leaf edge distortion, stem bulge, lighter color. Other phytotoxicity symptoms such as chlormequat and anti-dropping agents are lighter than 2.4-D. Control measures: The hormone concentration for medium-maturing varieties should be 20ppm, and that for early-maturing varieties is 15PPM. When the temperature is high, the concentration should be lower. When using, take care to prevent it from being touched by young leaves or growing points. Never spray it. After the occurrence of phytotoxicity, some medicinal fertilizers may be promoted, such as Fengshou No. 1 and natural brassin. The area where the phytotoxicity occurs is large and there is no disease center, which is different from other diseases.
Second, virus disease
Virus disease causes leaf rolling, and there are six types commonly found: mosaic, fern leaf, streak, giant bud, leaf curl, and yellow top. The diseased plants were short and the leaves were curled and clustered. In severe cases, only veins and no mesophyll were observed. Viral diseases are transmitted through the contact of poisonous insects (such as aphids and whiteflies) and sap. High-temperature and dry weather are favorable for their occurrence. Control measures: 1. Select anti-virus varieties. 2. Implement crop rotation to reduce primary infection sources. 3. Spray 1000 times potassium permanganate aqueous solution at the time of onset to prevent diseases such as soft rot and supplement manganese and potassium. 4. Control locusts and other transmission insects, use 10% imidacloprid 2000 times.
Third, the damage caused by tea
The main symptoms are narrowing of the leaves, stiff erection, shrinkage or distortion, and finally, baldness. It is hard to identify with the naked eye. The control agent can be used 15% fluorenone 3000 times or 1.8% efford 3000 times or 73% gefilte 2000 times.
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