In the early summer season, the increase in temperature by light increases and the air humidity gradually decreases. As a result, the degree of disease in vegetable production gradually decreases. However, many pests have become more serious. Therefore, we must remind farmers to relax their vigilance and to prevent and control regular pests in vegetable production. At present, pests commonly found in vegetable production include greenhouse whiteflies, leaf miners, aphids, thrips, cabbage caterpillars, diamondback moths, beet armyworms, and others. This paper will introduce them one by one.
Beet nightworm damage symptoms:
Plutella xylostella is mainly responsible for cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage, cabbage and radish. The first instar larvae feed on the leaves between the upper and lower epidermis of the leaves, resulting in small tunnels; the leaves and upper epidermis of the 2nd instar larvae are eaten, leaving only the epidermis. Larger larvae eat leaves empty. The larvae like to eat young leaves, and the damage to the heart of the cabbage is the most serious. When the larvae grow seriously, they are deformed and difficult to pack. In the maintenance of vegetables, damage to tender stems, young vegetables and grains, affect the results.
Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) occurs 5 to 6 generations in one year in our province. It is wintering in the shallow soil, but from late July to early August, it is the larval period of emergence and gluttony. Spodoptera exigua adult fly, and phototaxis. Night-time out, often hidden in the leaves between vegetable plants, and short stalks of grass and other places, began to activity in the evening, copulating spawning. The larvae are dizzy and dark, lurking in the top soil layers and cracks around the rhizosphere. In the early morning or evening, eating at night and in cloudy weather damages, there is a false death.
Its pollution-free prevention measures are as follows:
1, timely removal of weeds in the field, elimination of overwintering eels and mature larvae; reasonable arrangements for vegetable gargle, to avoid growing cruciferous vegetables in a small area in successive years.
2. Using the phototaxis of Plutella xylostella, in the adult stage (mainly in May, June and August and September), 7 to 11 o'clock in the evening, trapped adults with black light or other light sources to reduce the source of insects.
3, the application of attractant trap adult: 1 using synthetic sex attractant, each lure containing sex attractant 50 micrograms, wear wire hanging above the water basin, 1 cm away from the water, add detergent to the water, each basin The radius of the moth is 100 meters and the effective moth period is more than one month. 2 female moths per 1 to 2 bags are placed in a fine sand net, and pots are placed under the net to attract and kill male moths. 3 Cut the abdomen of the female moth, extract the sex attractant with organic solvent such as benzene or methylene chloride, spray or drip on a small paper cylinder made of absorbent paper (the small paper cylinder is wrapped with 55 cm square paper), The paper tube is suspended from 1 cm above the water basin where washing powder is placed, and is hung in the field in the evening every day. The paper is collected early in the morning, and once-used extracts are generally available for 7 to 10 days. The trapping radius is about 100 meters.
The natural enemies of Plutella xylostella are spiders, frogs, codling moth teeth, etc. In the production of vegetables, attention should be paid to the protection and utilization of these natural enemies to control Plutella xylostella. Can also use microbial pesticides, with 1000 times bt emulsion or 500 to 1000 times killing bacteria Bacillus spray. 5 to 7 days before spraying again. 0.1% non-enzymatic detergent powder can be added to the bacteria solution to increase the bacterial liquid's adhesion.
5. Appropriate use of low-toxicity agents with short residual period and low residual residues. Can use 2.5% kungfu emulsifiable concentrate or 20% killing diclofenat 1000 times solution, or phoxim (should be used in the evening to avoid photolysis) emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times, evenly control the moth larvae before 2nd instar.
Beet nightworm damage symptoms:
Plutella xylostella is mainly responsible for cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage, cabbage and radish. The first instar larvae feed on the leaves between the upper and lower epidermis of the leaves, resulting in small tunnels; the leaves and upper epidermis of the 2nd instar larvae are eaten, leaving only the epidermis. Larger larvae eat leaves empty. The larvae like to eat young leaves, and the damage to the heart of the cabbage is the most serious. When the larvae grow seriously, they are deformed and difficult to pack. In the maintenance of vegetables, damage to tender stems, young vegetables and grains, affect the results.
Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) occurs 5 to 6 generations in one year in our province. It is wintering in the shallow soil, but from late July to early August, it is the larval period of emergence and gluttony. Spodoptera exigua adult fly, and phototaxis. Night-time out, often hidden in the leaves between vegetable plants, and short stalks of grass and other places, began to activity in the evening, copulating spawning. The larvae are dizzy and dark, lurking in the top soil layers and cracks around the rhizosphere. In the early morning or evening, eating at night and in cloudy weather damages, there is a false death.
Its pollution-free prevention measures are as follows:
1, timely removal of weeds in the field, elimination of overwintering eels and mature larvae; reasonable arrangements for vegetable gargle, to avoid growing cruciferous vegetables in a small area in successive years.
2. Using the phototaxis of Plutella xylostella, in the adult stage (mainly in May, June and August and September), 7 to 11 o'clock in the evening, trapped adults with black light or other light sources to reduce the source of insects.
3, the application of attractant trap adult: 1 using synthetic sex attractant, each lure containing sex attractant 50 micrograms, wear wire hanging above the water basin, 1 cm away from the water, add detergent to the water, each basin The radius of the moth is 100 meters and the effective moth period is more than one month. 2 female moths per 1 to 2 bags are placed in a fine sand net, and pots are placed under the net to attract and kill male moths. 3 Cut the abdomen of the female moth, extract the sex attractant with organic solvent such as benzene or methylene chloride, spray or drip on a small paper cylinder made of absorbent paper (the small paper cylinder is wrapped with 55 cm square paper), The paper tube is suspended from 1 cm above the water basin where washing powder is placed, and is hung in the field in the evening every day. The paper is collected early in the morning, and once-used extracts are generally available for 7 to 10 days. The trapping radius is about 100 meters.
The natural enemies of Plutella xylostella are spiders, frogs, codling moth teeth, etc. In the production of vegetables, attention should be paid to the protection and utilization of these natural enemies to control Plutella xylostella. Can also use microbial pesticides, with 1000 times bt emulsion or 500 to 1000 times killing bacteria Bacillus spray. 5 to 7 days before spraying again. 0.1% non-enzymatic detergent powder can be added to the bacteria solution to increase the bacterial liquid's adhesion.
5. Appropriate use of low-toxicity agents with short residual period and low residual residues. Can use 2.5% kungfu emulsifiable concentrate or 20% killing diclofenat 1000 times solution, or phoxim (should be used in the evening to avoid photolysis) emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times, evenly control the moth larvae before 2nd instar.
Vitamins are organic compounds and vital nutrients that an organism requires in limited amounts. An organic chemical compound (or related set of compounds) is called a vitamin when the organism cannot synthesize the compound in sufficient quantities, and it must be obtained through the diet.
Your body needs them to work properly, so you grow and develop just like you should. They are essential for the normal growth and development of a multicellular organism. Once growth and development are completed, vitamins remain essential nutrients for the healthy maintenance of the cells, tissues, and organs that make up a multicellular organism; they also enable a multicellular life form to efficiently use chemical energy provided by food it eats, and to help process the proteins, carbohydrates, and fats required for respiration.
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