On July 7th, it will enter the summer heat, summer heat will be the meaning of heat, and the time from small heatstroke to great heat will be the hottest season of the year. Before and after the summer heat, precipitation in the vast northern regions increased significantly, and the rainfall was relatively concentrated. South China, Southwest China, and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were also in the monsoon rainy season. However, droughts often occurred in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. This has great impact on agriculture and early impoundment of drought prevention. Very important. The current thunderstorm is the precipitation brought by tropical storms. Although it is beneficial to the growth of rice and other crops, it will also adversely affect economic crops such as cotton, soybeans and vegetables.
In this period, agricultural production was mainly engaged in field management. The mid-season rice has been jointed and entered the booting stage, and the panicle fertilizer should be chased according to the growing trend. Single-season late rice is being tilled, and it should be applied as soon as possible. Late seedlings should be given 5 to 7 days before planting, “send marrying manureâ€; “summer weather is hot, cotton pruning can not be put offâ€. The cotton in most cotton areas is about to flower and ring. It is necessary to re-apply fertilization in the flowering and bolling stage, pruning, squatting, and old leaves in time to coordinate the distribution of nutrients in cotton plants, enhance ventilation and light transmission, and improve the population's microclimate. Leaving bells.
The flowering and boll season is the most vigorous period for cotton growth. It requires more fertilizer, more nitrogen absorption, and higher intensity. The amount of nitrogen absorption during this period accounts for 60%. Phosphorus and potassium are also required to account for more than half of the maturation period from bolling to boll opening. At the same time, the contradiction between group fertility and individual fertility often occurs during the flowering period. High-yield cotton must be well managed with water and nitrogen to reduce the loss of flowers and bells. With the high-yielding characteristics of the peach-inlet, the peach-filled, and the peach-covered top, the principle of reapplying flower and bell fertilizers and applying top dressing fertilizer was proposed on topdressing.
During the flowering and bolling season, the top dressing is mainly supplemented with an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer (eg, 10 to 15 kg/mu urea). However, in the absence of potassium fertilizer in the potassium-deficient soil or basal fertilizer, an additional 5 kg of potassium chloride should be added. Potash recovery at this time can achieve the effect of promoting the production of cotton bolls; in particular, for the cultivation of insect-resistant cotton varieties, the amount of potash fertilizer should be higher than 30% of the common varieties.
Fertilizer application method should be mixed with fertilizer and timely irrigation, do not form urea so as to avoid causing loss of volatile or smoked cotton leaves. In production, urea is often sprinkled on the surface and rains, neither covering soil nor timely irrigation. This method of application is unscientific; besides, if high-yield and super-high-yielding cotton fields occur, if growth momentum weakens or automatic capping occurs in the late cotton bolls, It is also necessary to add urea 5-8 kg/mu in time in order to prevent the premature decline of cotton plants in order to fight for autumn peaches.
The top dressing of cotton should be based on local conditions. According to the characteristics of different cotton producing areas in China, the principles of top dressing application are explained and suggested as follows:
1. The use of N and P fertilizers in Huanghuai and Haimian cotton areas is generally high, and the effect of fertilizer production is decreasing. However, the organic fertilizer is not used enough, and the lack of trace elements such as boron and zinc occurs from time to time. It is necessary to master the top-dressing of high-yield cotton. In Shenglei - early flowers chasing the first fat, Hualian catching the second fat, after the autumn as appropriate, the essentials of fat supplements. The principle is: 15% to 20% of nitrogen fertilizer is used in flowering stage, and the base of potassium fertilizer is half harvested (incipient flowering period). For cotton fields with weaker growth, 0.5% to 1.0% urea and 0.3% to 0.5% phosphoric acid are mixed and sprayed. Dihydrogen potassium solution 50 ~ 75 kg / time, spray once every 7 to 10 days, continuous spraying 2 to 3 times.
2. 25% to 30% of nitrogen fertilizer in cotton in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is used as full-dressing topdressing, 15% to 20% for top-dressing, and 0.5% to 1.0% urea and 0.3% for weaker growing cotton fields. 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 50 ~ 75 kg / time, spray once every 7 to 10 days, continuous spraying 2 to 3 times.
3. The application of topdressing in Xinjiang cotton area is characterized by the integration of water and fertilizer regulation. In ground-irrigated cotton fields, 20% to 25% of nitrogen fertilizers are used in flowering stages; cotton fields are drip-filled under the membrane and applied according to the growth of the cotton with water droplets. However, the amount of fertilizer used should not exceed 2 kg/mu (pure nutrient content).
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