Prevention and Control of Main Parasitic Diseases in Chickens in Summer and Autumn

The suitable temperature, humidity and external biological environment in summer and autumn provide good growth and breeding space for parasites, which is also an important reason for the annual epidemic of parasitic diseases in summer and autumn. According to the survey of epidemiology in various regions of the country in recent years, the main parasitic diseases common to chicken farms in the summer and fall seasons are the following: coccidiosis, live leukocyte disease (white crown disease), tsutsugamushi disease, and chickens. Surface parasitic diseases. This article elaborates on the prevention and treatment of major parasitic diseases that are commonly encountered in production, and lists specific measures that are effective and feasible, for reference by producers.

1 Coccidiosis

1.1 Epidemiology The incidence of this disease is closely related to the temperature and rainfall, and it is prevalent in the warm season. In the north, from April to the end of September, it is an epidemic season, and the most severe from July to August. Mostly occur in chickens less than 3 months of age. Caecal coccidiosis is more likely to occur around the age of one month, and coccidiosis mainly occurs in chickens over 2 months of age.

1.2 Clinical symptoms

1.2.1 The main performance of cecal coccidiosis: 13 to 6 weeks old chickens, sick chicken wings pendulous feathers dull sleepiness appetite weak cocks; 2 chickens diarrhea, discharge of loose feces or bloody stool with blood.

1.2.2 Intestinal coccidiosis main performance: 1 occurred in older chickens, sick chickens pale pale weight loss, the weakness of Canton legs can not afford to collapse; 2 diarrhea. Excreted a lot of mucus-like brown bloody stool.

1.2.3 The main manifestations of chronic coccidiosis 1 are common in chicks or adult chickens aged 1 to 3 months; 2 chickens are gradually wasted anemia, intermittent diarrhea, drain-like white or brick-red feces, often mixed with undigested feed, Increased drinking desire; 3 long duration, slow growth, low feed remuneration, tail hair with faeces, and low body weight.

1.3 The necropsy changes

1.3.1 The cecal coccidiosis lesions are mainly in the cecum. The cecum enlarges, fills with blood or blood clots, the wall of the intestine is thick, there are many bleeding spots and erosion occurs.

1.3.2 Intestinal coccidiosis lesions occur in the anterior segment of the small intestine. The intestinal wall is dark red and swollen. White spots and bleeding spots are seen on the serosal surface. When the bowel was cut, there were many bleeding spots on the mucosal surface, and mucus and blood clots were often found in the contents.

1.3.3 Chronic coccidiosis mainly manifests as pale bowel, loss of elasticity, and thickening of the intestinal wall.

1.4 Prevention

1.4.1 Stick to the daily removal of feces from the chicken farm or use the online raising brooding to avoid direct contact between chickens and feces.

1.4.2 The ground feeding trough of chicken coops should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected on a regular basis. 3 In rainy, humid and warm seasons, the feeding and management of young chickens should be strengthened, and drugs should be used for regular prevention.

1.5 Treatment

1.5.1 30% sulfachloropyrazine sodium (triple coccidiosis powder) soluble powder, diclazuril soluble powder, sulfonamides vitamin K3 soluble powder (according to the product instructions) mixed drinking water, used for 5 days, the effect is more it is good.

1.5.2 It is also possible to use vitamins K3 with salinomycin sodium premix, diclazuril premix, monensin sodium premix, dinitrotomine premix, and saidumycin sodium premix etc. Premix mix, use for 3-5 days.

2 live white blood cell disease (white crown disease)

2.1 Epidemiology

2.1.1 The epidemic outbreak season is related to the climate in different regions. Generally, it occurs frequently in summer and autumn. In the south, it usually enters the peak of incidence from April to June. In the north, it mostly occurs from June to September. The disease is mainly transmitted by the mosquitoes of the black pheasant. There is often a prevalence and occurrence of the disease in places where there are libraries.

2.2.2 Infected young chickens and adult chickens are all susceptible to infection, but the incidence and mortality of chicks at about one month of age are as high as 20% to 65%. Adult chickens die only individually, and white chickens are more common than red ones. The incidence of brown chicken species is high.

2.2 Clinical Symptoms The disease has a natural incubation period of 6-10 days.

2.2.1 Chickens and young chickens have obvious symptoms. At the beginning of the disease, the diseased chicken has a high fever, loss of appetite, depression, runny nose, diarrhea, row of green loose stools. Subsequently, anemia, cockscomb, and meat are pale. The growth and development are retarded, the limbs are light, the activity is difficult, and the disease course is usually several days. It can cause chickens to die. Breathing difficulties and bleeding can occur before death.

2.2.2 The egg production rate of adult laying hens suddenly dropped by 1% to 20%, the individual egg production rate decreased by more than 50%, and the soft shell eggs increased, which may account for about 5% of the total egg production. The eggshell sometimes has red Deposition of particles; a small number of diseased chickens began to show sporadic deaths, and some died of asymptomatic symptoms.

2.3 Post-mortem changes

2.3.1 Dead chickens are thin, highly anemic and have thin blood. The heart, pancreas, mesentery, fallopian tube mucosa, and peritoneal fat surface showed small hematoma and small yellowish-white nodules with diffuse needlepoints and large protrusions (bulges) on the nose and nose.

2.3.2 Some of the leg muscles, pectoral muscles, liver, kidneys and thymus are bleeding. In some cases, the thoracic cavity is filled with fluids and blood clots. 2.3.3 Some cases have pulmonary hemorrhage, hepatosplenomegaly, and some liver surface has gray-yellow necrosis, ovarian hyperemia. The follicles are dark red and the follicles are broken and filled with abdominal cavity.

2.4 Prevention

2.4.1 Insecticide In the epidemic season of the disease, spraying insecticides such as pyrethroid insecticide at 2000 times or 40 to 60 mg/kg every 6-10 days inside and outside the house, and feeding chickens at night. spray.

2.4.2 Drug Prevention During the epidemic season, regular supplementation with pyrimethamine (at 0.00025%) or sulfamonomethoxine (at 0.005%) for 10 to 14 days in the diet has a good preventive effect.

2.5 There are many drugs for treatment and treatment, which do not affect the egg laying and the effect is good. The better medication and treatment prescription are listed as follows:

2.5.1 blood worm net (Bernier) According to 1 ~ 1.5 mg / kg body weight (usually 2 kg or so chickens 300 ~ 400 feathers / g) with vitamin K3 mixed drinking water, once a day, once every 3 to 5 days, interval After 3 days, the dose is halved and then used for 3 to 5 days.

2.5.2 Sulfamonomethoxine sodium 50 to 100 mg / feed with vitamin K3 mixed drinking water, once every 3 to 5 days, interval 3 days, half the dose and then use 5 to 10 days.

2.5.3 pyrimethamine 4 mg / kg feed sulfamonomethoxine 200 mg / kg feed with vitamin K3 mixed spices, once every 5 days, after 3 days interval, according to pyrimethamine 2 mg / kg feed sulfonamide Dimethoprim 100 mg / kg feed mixed with vitamin K3 mixed spices, once every 3 to 5 days.

3 Ascariasis

3.1 Epidemiology survives all year round in chickens, but the season of propagation and propagation is mainly a warm and humid season. In epidemiological surveys in recent years, it has been found in intensive chicken production that its common intermediate hosts are flies and beetles. As a result, the performance of the chicken is often degraded. Therefore, there is a possibility that the poultry of the age may occur.

3.2 Symptoms of the clinic 1. The young chickens are severe and the chickens are lighter. 2 Sickness of the diseased chicken, early increase in appetite, when the self-intoxication, loss of appetite, but increased desire to drink; weight loss, anemia plump loose, row of white with mucus and foam dilute feces, mixed with white locust section. 3 Severe infection, some cases often have progressive numbness, starting from the two feet, gradually affecting the body, that is, pheasant; sometimes some cases after a period of time after the chicken poisoning symptoms can be cured, but the effect of future production performance . 4. Infectious disease in chickens is generally not obvious symptoms, but it affects the production of antibodies during immunization; In severe cases, the production of egg drops or the egg production rate fluctuates. In some severe cases, there are abdominal stagnant water, namely waterfowl and neurological symptoms. Rooster chickens often fail due to infection of bacteria or viral diseases.

3.3 Changes in necropsy 1 Spleen enlargement. Liver enlargement is khaki-colored, often with fatty degeneration and fragile. In some cases, the abdomen is filled with ascites; 2 small intestinal mucosa is spotted and severe; Intestinal tuberculosis similar to gray and yellow nodules; 4 due to prolonged autotoxicity and nutritional failure and antibody suppression phenomenon, chickens often also show follicular degeneration and necrosis similar to Newcastle disease pathological phenomenon.

3.4 Prevention 1 Frequent cleaning of chicken coops, timely removal of chicken excrement, and prevention of flies and insect pests. 2 Broiler and adult chickens are kept separately, and finally adopt all-in/all-out system. 3 Deterring and controlling the breeding of intermediate hosts, adding in feed Environment-friendly additives such as cyromazine (generally 5 g/ton full-rate feed) are added to the feed for a long period of time during regular seasons. 4 Regular insect repelling is recommended. It is recommended that each animal be repellent at 60 days and 120 days.

3.5 After the onset of treatment can use the following drugs:

3.5.1 albendazole: 15 ~ 20 mg / kg body weight, mixed into the feed at night, a one-time injection, once a night, once in a row 3 times; interval 7 days after repeated insecticide once.

3.5.2 Praziquantel: 10 ~ 20 mg / kg body weight, mixed into the feed at night, one-time injection, interval 7 days after repeated insecticide.

3.5.3 niclosamide: According to 50 ~ 100 mg / kg body weight, mixed into the feed at night for a one-time injection, interval 7 days after repeated insecticide.

3.5.4 Sulfodidichlorophenol: According to 100 ~ 200 mg / kg body weight, mixed into the feed at night for a one-time injection, and the insecticide is repeated once every 7 days.

4 Chicken body surface parasitic disease

4.1 Epidemiology This disease can occur throughout the year, but in summer and autumn, due to temperature and humidity are particularly suitable for the reproduction of some organisms in vitro, therefore, the incidence is more serious than in other seasons. There are many types of parasites parasitic on the body surface of chickens, common There are cockroaches, bugs, prickles, jump show, chicken cockroaches and so on.

4.2 Experiencing Symptoms The ectoparasites of chickens mainly feed on chicken feathers, villi, and scales of the epidermis. Some bite sucks blood. The diseased chickens manifested as itching of the skin, difficulty in sleeping, loss of feathers, and even anemia, wasting, growth and development, decline in laying eggs, licking, and licking. Gaysao sometimes penetrates into the skin, causing dermatitis. Some can also trigger outbreaks of poultry spirocheasis.

4.3 Prevent regular cleaning, scrubbing the ground equipment, etc., and regularly prevent with drugs.

4.4 The treatment of 1 pyrethroid insecticide spraying chicken house and chicken cages 40 ~ 60 mg / kg water or 2000 times; 2 with ivermectin or avermectin preparation (according to the product instructions ) Mixing insects, the effect can be.

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