In recent years, the number of growers who grow gerbera in the greenhouse in the north has gradually increased. The management points and pest control methods for gerbera are described below for reference.
First, temperature management
Control the temperature during the day at 15 °C ~ 20 °C, 12 °C ~ 15 °C at night, as far as possible not less than 5 °C. In production, the main methods of heat preservation are: stamping grasshoppers, adding paper quilts to the grasshoppers, plastic film covering the grasshoppers, or several methods to increase the indoor temperature.
Second, lighting control
Gerbera is a hi light flower that requires plenty of sunlight. When there is sufficient light, its leaves grow robustly, peduncles are tall and straight, and their colors are bright. In order to ensure sufficient light in winter, the shed film should be cleaned regularly to remove old leaves and diseased leaves in time. However, attention should be paid to shade during the summer hot season to prevent plant dormancy and burns.
Three, irrigation fertilizer
During the collection of flowers, gerbera needs a large amount of water to grow vigorously. In this period, sufficient water supply should be maintained, and water should be poured for about half a month to meet the water demand of gerbera. During irrigation, care should be taken not to make the center of the leaf plexus wet and to prevent flower buds from decaying. Gerbera is a favorite fertilizer for perennial flowers, which has a large demand for fertilizers. Special attention should be paid to phosphorus and potassium fertilizers when topdressing. Generally, the compound fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of 10:15:15 is applied at 5 to 10 kg per acre, once every 10 days, in combination with watering, to promote the absorption and utilization of fertilizer by the plants.
Fourth, remove the residual leaves
The lower leaves of basal leaves of gerbera are susceptible to yellowing and senescence. The removal of basal leaves in the process of management is beneficial to the initiation of new leaves and new flower buds, and it is also conducive to ventilation and light transmission, reducing disease occurrence and enhancing plant growth.
V. Pest Control
1. The epidemic should pay attention to shallow vegetation, so that the root neck is exposed to the surface of the ground 1 centimeter; prevent the soil from getting too wet; at the beginning of the disease, 58% BDP-aluminum-manganese-zinc 400 times solution is used to irrigate the root; 7 days later, a 64% antivirus powder 500 times Root, application time in the morning and evening when the temperature is low, when the temperature is higher than 28 °C, stop spraying, once every 7 days, once in a row, 3 times.
2. Powdery mildew maintains ventilation and low humidity in the shed; removes diseased leaves in time; sprays 70% thiophanate-methyl 1500-fold solution at the time of onset, or uses 20% bacilli-smoke fume control to prevent and treat once every 7 days, and even prevents 2 ~ 3 times.
3. The spotted disease should be promptly removed after the diseased leaf is found, and then be destroyed; the 70% thiophanate-methyl WP can be sprayed 800-1000 times at the beginning of the disease, once in 7 days, and sprayed continuously for 2 or 3 times.
4. Botrytis cinerea removed the densely-dense leaves, increased ventilation and ventilation; watered from below the crown of the plant; 70% thiophanate-methyl 1500-fold foliar spray at the early stage of the disease, combined with aerosols to control.
5. Whitefly thoroughly removes weeds; insert yellow plates for monitoring at any time; once pests are found, measures should be taken in a timely manner; 2000 to 3000 times of imidacloprid can be used to control the medicine, and 200 grams of smoke can be used per acre of the aphid to clean smoke. 2.5% Kumquat Chrysanthemum Emulsion or 20% Chlorhexidine 2000 times solution, spraying time selected at dawn, closed greenhouse after spraying for 4 to 5 hours, the next morning sprayed once.
6. Flea horses cut off insects in time to reduce the insect source in the greenhouse; fumigation in the greenhouse is the best method of prevention and control, fumigation with 80% dichlorvos 300 ~ 400 ml for 1 hour or 5% imidacloprid 1500 ~ 2000 times After the liquid spray closes the greenhouse for 8 to 10 hours, the fumigation time can be performed at 10 o'clock in the morning or at 5 o'clock in the evening to achieve good efficacy.
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