In the Qing Dynasty, Xu Lingtai summarized the traditional pharmaceutical principles as follows: the opposite is the system, the capital is the system, the system is the same, and the evil is the system. The specific method is: or making its shape, or making its own, or making its taste, or making its quality.
First, the opposite system refers to the use of complementary materials (including drugs) to restrict the bias of Chinese medicine or change the drug. For example, the wine extracted from Xinhe is used to make the rhubarb deposited by bitter cold, and the medicine is turned down to liter. Using the hot Wusong to make the berberine, you can kill its cold. Using the salty, cold and moist salt to make the puzzle, it can alleviate its warm and dry nature. Practice has confirmed that rhubarb raw product bitter cold, easy to hurt the spleen and yang, leading to abdominal pain, can be avoided after the use of Xingan hot wine, while changing the settlement to the rising sex, to clear the hot on the coke; It is easy to hurt the yin, and it can be corrected by the salt of salty cold.
Second, the phase-funded system refers to the use of similar materials or some processing methods to enhance the efficacy. Capital, with the meaning of funding. For example, using the salty cold salt water to make the bitter cold Zhimu and Phellodendron can enhance the effect of nourishing yin and reducing fire. The wine cellar Xianmao and Yangqi stone can enhance the effect of warming the kidney and helping the yang. Candied lily can enhance its lungs and cough. Candied licorice can enhance the effect of Buzhong Yiqi. Zhimu and Phellodendron are the products of bitter cold. In the heat-clearing and purging fire, there is a certain effect of clearing the heat and heat. The salty cold salt can be used to introduce medicine into the kidney, which enhances the effect of nourishing yin and reducing fire. Xianmao and Yangqi Shiben are the products of Xinzhan and Yangyang. The use of hot wine can enhance the effect of warming kidney and helping the yang, which has been confirmed by long-term clinical practice.
Third, the fear of (or killing) system refers to the use of certain excipients to control the toxicity and side effects of a certain drug to concoct the drug. For example, ginger can kill Pinellia, Nanxing poison (that is, Pinellia, Nanxing is ginger), so ginger is used to make Pinellia and Nanxing. The toxicity of ginger to Pinellia ternata and Tiannanxing is reduced, which is confirmed not only by clinical practice but also by pharmacodynamics.
Fourth, the system of disgusting is the extension of the content of "disgusting" in the compatibility of traditional Chinese medicine. That is to say, using a certain excipient or some method to reduce the potency of the drug during the processing, so as not to damage the righteousness. Such as bran fried simmer can alleviate its destructive effect; rice bran water to make atractylodes can ease the dryness of Atractylodes. The scent of eucalyptus does not disperse, it can be a large intestine, stop diarrhea. The spicy and dry nature of the drug may sometimes be the need of treatment, sometimes it may bring adverse reactions or side effects, and some auxiliary materials are used to suppress the side effects. According to pharmacological experiments, the excess volatile oil of Atractylodes sinensis is harmful to the organism. After the bran is fried, it can suppress its "coolness."
The specific method is:
First, the shape refers to changing the appearance of the drug and separating the medicinal parts. "Shape" refers to the shape and location. For example, after cutting the thin slices of white peony, it changes from a cylindrical shape to a flaky shape; the scorpion is generally solid, and the shape is changed after slicing, the seed physique is large, the ore, the shell is calcined and chopped, etc. The traditional Chinese medicine has different shapes and volumes. Larger, not conducive to the formula and tormentation, so, before the formula, it must be processed into pieces, which can only meet the requirements of “drug forceâ€. It is often achieved by treatments such as grinding, smashing or slicing.
Second, the system is to change the performance of the drug through processing. Raw licorice is made into licorice; raw land is mature; raw rhubarb wine cellar; Atractylodes bran fried; Lai scorpion fried yellow; If it is processed, it will inhibit the over-biasing and avoid the righteousness; or change the nature of the cold, heat, temperature, cool or ascending, descending, floating and sinking of the drug to meet the requirements of clinical flexible drug use.
Third, the system of its taste refers to the adjustment of the five flavors of Chinese medicine or partial decline or correction of bad taste through processing. Ume and hawthorn have the effect of acid damage to the teeth, and the scorching can be slowed down; the chlorosis tastes bitterly hurts the stomach, and the wine or ginger can be slowed down; the ephedra scent is too fearful to spread too much, and the honey can be slowed down. Clinical medication requirements, processed by different methods, especially with accessories, can change the inherent taste of traditional Chinese medicine, so that certain flavors can be enhanced or weakened, to achieve the purpose of "making it too much, helping it lack".
Fourth, the quality of the system, that is, through the processing, change the nature or texture of the drug, or make its toxicity. Such as pangolin sand fried to crisp, turtle plate, armor sand fried to crisp, mineral medicine calcined or quenched, Chuanwu, grass Wujia boiled, etc., are beneficial to fry the active ingredients or easy to smash or reduce toxicity. The poisonous drugs are heated by steaming, boiling, etc. and have a aftertaste. The drug medical education network collects and organizes the sputum or the frost, which requires both the original nature and the correction. Adding it to the medicine, or fermentation, or replication, is to increase the new effect, expand the treatment range or inhibit the bias, and better adapt to the needs of clinical medication under the premise of non-destructive or less intrinsic efficacy.
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