Summer and autumn spinach pollution-free cultivation

I. Facilities cultivation

In summer and autumn, it is hot and rainy, and spinach is prone to virus disease. It should be shaded and sheltered from the rain. One is to use a greenhouse or arch shed with old membranes not yet removed, and to cover the greenhouse film with a shade net with a light transmittance of 60%-70%, which can significantly reduce the temperature inside the greenhouse. The second is to add pest control nets, and seal pest control nets around greenhouses or sheds. This will not affect ventilation, and it can safely isolate locusts and other transmission media. The shed film should also be inspected and promptly repaired to prevent rainwater from entering the shed and causing viral diseases.

Second, species selection

In the summer and autumn, the varieties with drought resistance, heat resistance, and rapid growth should be selected. Generally, high-temperature varieties introduced from the Netherlands are used.

Third, soaking germination

The planting period is May-September and is in the hot season. Before seeding, the seeds must be germinated at low temperature. Seeds are soaked in deep wells for 1-2 hours. After the seeds are fully absorbed, they are wrapped in gauze. The ropes are suspended in deep wells about 1 meter away from the water surface. Pay attention to the daily washing. The seeds can be sown after 4 days.

Fourth, ridging planting

The most afraid of moisture in summer and autumn cultivation, such as stalk rot easily cultivated in sorghum, cultivating the base of the leaves on the ridge is well ventilated, not easy to get sick. Before planting, the land should be deeply plowed, leveled, and plowed. The prying depth should be 1.2-1.5 meters. Every 0.5 meters starts with a ridge, and the ridge height is 15 centimeters, with 2 lines per ridge. Each 5 cm sowing a hole, sowing 2 per hole, acres with 0.8-1 kg.

V. Field Management

1. Fertilizer management. Spinach likes fertile, moist, neutral alkaloids, soils with high humus content, so it is necessary to re-apply organic fertilizers. In general, 1000-1500 kg of organic fertilizer is used in the mu, and if the soil is acidic, 20-30 kg of lime can be added per mu. Immediately after the spinach grows out of the true leaves, it will be poured with a light stool. Afterwards, with the growth of the plants, the topdressing concentration will be gradually increased. However, it should be applied when the soil is dry to prevent the soil from growing wet and causing diseases. Fertilization should pay attention to the principles of light application, diligence, and early lightening. In the early stage, more organic manure was used to compost manure, and manure application was stopped 15 days before harvest. Urea should be topdressed 2-3 times in stages, applying 5-10 kilograms per acre.

2. Facility management. In the summer and autumn, the spinach cultivation shall adopt rain-proof cultivation. After the true leaves are grown, the insect nets shall be added to prevent the insects from covering the shade nets after the two true leaves, and the shade nets shall be removed 15 days before the harvest to reduce the nitrate content of the products and avoid the plants. excessive growth.

Sixth, pest control

As a result of the use of net yarn pest control, mainly in the growth period of spinach to prevent and control diseases, can be used before the seeding with 48% of the 500 times or 50% dipterex crystal 1000 times water. Summer spinach is easy to get stalk rot, anthrax, downy mildew and virus diseases, etc., can be used Dasheng, carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, etc. spray 7 times a day to prevent in advance. If diseases occur, stalk rot may be treated with carbendazim and thiophanate-methyl, anthrax may be treated with mancozeb, and scavenger may be used for control. Downy mildew may be treated with Ank manganese zinc, glucosyl, antivirus, and viral diseases. Disease, virus A, virus K prevention. Insect pests such as Liriomyza sativae, crickets, locusts, etc., can be controlled by chemicals such as Lethbone, Insecticide, and Imidacloprid. No more than 2 doses of each agent were taken during the entire growth period and they were stopped 7 days before harvest.

Seven, timely harvest

Usually 40-50 days after sowing, spinach grows to 20-30 centimeters in height and is timely to be marketed. When harvesting, the yellow leaves should be removed, washed with clean water and put into 250-500 g/bar; the average mu yield can reach 1500 kg.

I. Facilities cultivation

In summer and autumn, it is hot and rainy, and spinach is prone to virus disease. It should be shaded and sheltered from the rain. One is to use a greenhouse or arch shed with old membranes not yet removed, and to cover the greenhouse film with a shade net with a light transmittance of 60%-70%, which can significantly reduce the temperature inside the greenhouse. The second is to add pest control nets, and seal pest control nets around greenhouses or sheds. This will not affect ventilation, and it can safely isolate locusts and other transmission media. The shed film should also be inspected and promptly repaired to prevent rainwater from entering the shed and causing viral diseases.

Second, species selection

In the summer and autumn, the varieties with drought resistance, heat resistance, and rapid growth should be selected. Generally, high-temperature varieties introduced from the Netherlands are used.

Third, soaking germination

The planting period is May-September and is in the hot season. Before seeding, the seeds must be germinated at low temperature. Seeds are soaked in deep wells for 1-2 hours. After the seeds are fully absorbed, they are wrapped in gauze. The ropes are suspended in deep wells about 1 meter away from the water surface. Pay attention to the daily washing. The seeds can be sown after 4 days.

Fourth, ridging planting

The most afraid of moisture in summer and autumn cultivation, such as stalk rot easily cultivated in sorghum, cultivating the base of the leaves on the ridge is well ventilated, not easy to get sick. Before planting, the land should be deeply plowed, leveled, and plowed. The prying depth should be 1.2-1.5 meters. Every 0.5 meters starts with a ridge, and the ridge height is 15 centimeters, with 2 lines per ridge. Each 5 cm sowing a hole, sowing 2 per hole, acres with 0.8-1 kg.

V. Field Management

1. Fertilizer management. Spinach likes fertile, moist, neutral alkaloids, soils with high humus content, so it is necessary to re-apply organic fertilizers. In general, 1000-1500 kg of organic fertilizer is used in the mu, and if the soil is acidic, 20-30 kg of lime can be added per mu. Immediately after the spinach grows out of the true leaves, it will be poured with a light stool. Afterwards, with the growth of the plants, the topdressing concentration will be gradually increased. However, it should be applied when the soil is dry to prevent the soil from growing wet and causing diseases. Fertilization should pay attention to the principles of light application, diligence, and early lightening. In the early stage, more organic manure was used to compost manure, and manure application was stopped 15 days before harvest. Urea should be topdressed 2-3 times in stages, applying 5-10 kilograms per acre.

2. Facility management. In the summer and autumn, the spinach cultivation shall adopt rain-proof cultivation. After the true leaves are grown, the insect nets shall be added to prevent the insects from covering the shade nets after the two true leaves, and the shade nets shall be removed 15 days before the harvest to reduce the nitrate content of the products and avoid the plants. excessive growth.

Sixth, pest control

As a result of the use of net yarn pest control, mainly in the growth period of spinach to prevent and control diseases, can be used before the seeding with 48% of the 500 times or 50% dipterex crystal 1000 times water. Summer spinach is easy to get stalk rot, anthrax, downy mildew and virus diseases, etc., can be used Dasheng, carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, etc. spray 7 times a day to prevent in advance. If diseases occur, stalk rot may be treated with carbendazim and thiophanate-methyl, anthrax may be treated with mancozeb, and scavenger may be used for control. Downy mildew may be treated with Ank manganese zinc, glucosyl, antivirus, and viral diseases. Disease, virus A, virus K prevention. Insect pests such as Liriomyza sativae, crickets, locusts, etc., can be controlled by chemicals such as Lethbone, Insecticide, and Imidacloprid. No more than 2 doses of each agent were taken during the entire growth period and they were stopped 7 days before harvest.

Seven, timely harvest

Usually 40-50 days after sowing, spinach grows to 20-30 centimeters in height and is timely to be marketed. When harvesting, the yellow leaves should be removed, washed with clean water and put into 250-500 g/bar; the average mu yield can reach 1500 kg.

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