I. Technical Brief Corn and rice have a direct impact on the province's comprehensive grain production capacity and farmers' income. At present, the major pests affecting corn and rice production in our province are corn borer, rice water weevil, stem borer, and rice blast disease. In order to produce “high quality, high yield, high efficiency, ecological and safe†for corn and rice production in our province, comprehensive control measures must be taken for the above-mentioned worms, ie, to promote and popularize the combination of chemical control, physical control, biological control, and aircraft control. Technology, as much as possible to reduce the number of chemical pesticides used and the number of uses, the maximum application of physical or biological control measures, both effective control of pests and diseases, but also reduce the impact of chemical pesticides on product quality and ecological environment, to achieve sustainable development. Second, the operating points (A) of the integrated ground control to take field and Tianwai, biological control and chemical defense combination of comprehensive prevention and control measures, by depressing the density of insects outside the field, field artificial Bt, Trichogramma and other biological measures, Tanabe set Comprehensive supporting technologies and facilities, such as insecticidal lamps, implement safe, efficient and economical control of pests and diseases. 1. Control outside the field (1) In the spring, the use of dichlorvos, Beauveria bassiana and other drugs to treat corn stalks and straw outside the field, or to set insecticidal lamps next to the stalks of grass, trap and kill overwintering adults, and reduce the base number of insects, can reduce 30% of the amount of insects. (2) Before rice is transplanted or 1 to 2 days after transplanting, the amount of adult rice weevil should be investigated on field ridges, ditches, dry lands, uncultivated grasses, and rice plants on the side of paddy fields to determine adult worm fields. Outside aggregation period. For sites where there are large amounts of adults, conventional pesticides such as kung fu or enemy killings are applied once, and the comprehensive control effect can reach about 90%. The provincial medicine, labor saving, and labor saving can also protect natural enemies. 2. Field control (1) Application at the seedling stage Before the rice is transplanted, 10 to 15 days before the transplanting, the seedbed is poured, withdrawn or sprayed with a strong systemic pesticide such as Ruijinte, Carbofuran, Aketai, and Chlorpyrifos. Ten days after transplanting, the adult and larvae have a stronger control effect. The dosage of its pharmaceutical agent should be slightly higher than the conventional dosage of Honda, and it is better to apply fine weather to the transplanting period. This method focuses on pesticide application, saves time and effort, has relatively safe aquatic organisms in paddy fields, has a low dosage, and has a high control effect. (2) Artificial release of Trichogramma bengalensis using common bee-cards and bees to put 30,000 heads into three bees, or long-acting bee-cards to release bees twice, prolonging the effective covering time of Trichogramma egg parasites on corn quail eggs, achieving a The second-generation corn cockroach is linked to control, and the ultimate control efficiency is higher. At the same time, the use of pesticides in corn fields can be reduced and labor can be saved. (3) Insecticide lamp trapping adult insect pests use the phototaxis of adult insects, light trapping can kill a large number of insect sources, effective control of corn borer, borer borer, rice water weevil and other pests, and the killing power of field natural enemies is relatively small. Set up insect traps in fields and within 200 meters from the edge of large crops, use frequency-vibration insect killer lamps, black light lamps, and high-pressure mercury lamps. Each lamp controls an area of ​​60 acres, and the hanging height is slightly higher than that of crops. It is fine from May to September. Turn on the lights at night, and periodically clean the light boxes depending on the number of trapped insects, and treat the worm body at the appropriate time. (4) Biological agents Preventing pests and diseases By using biological agents for controlling rice pests and diseases, they have direct killing or antifeedant repellent effects, thus having a certain control effect, strong selectivity, safe aquatic life of crabs and other paddy fields, and non-toxic side effects, solving paddy field Conflicts between farmed (crab, fish) areas and rice pesticide residues. 1 Matrine base matrine has the advantages of low toxicity, no residue, etc. It can effectively control adult overwintering of rice water weevil and significantly reduce the occurrence and harm of larvae. It can be widely used as a rice paddy in pollution-free and green rice production fields. A control. 1% matrine SL control rice water weevil, acres dosage 75ml. Place crabs after filling water or changing water 7 days after application. In the case of crabs that have been placed in paddy fields and rice water damage caused by killing about 20%, matrine can be used as an emergency control measure, but it is necessary to avoid the crab shelling period. 2 Metarhizium anisopliae has certain control effects on rice water weevil, especially for the control of rice water weevil eggs and larvae, and it is safe for all crabs during growth period, as a biological preparation for controlling rice water weevil, It can be popularized in crab farming. 27.3% of Metarhizium sp. granules use a dose of 40% to 60g/mu spore powder, the best effect. (5) Efficient and low toxic chemical agents Chemical pesticides for controlling pests and diseases are still the most effective emergency methods for preventing and controlling emergent pests and diseases, and they play an irreplaceable role in the prevention and control of plant protection machines. In order to regulate the use of drugs, reduce pollution, and continuously control pests and diseases, we must use high-efficiency, low-toxicity chemical agents to prevent and control pests and diseases, and apply them during appropriate periods of control. In paddy fields, high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticides such as benzoyl-zinc emulsion, Aketai, Andabat are recommended, and the control effect of rice water weevil is over 90%. The appropriate period for prevention and control is during the peak period of rice weevil adult migration into rice fields 5 to 10 days after rice is transplanted. Application of pesticide control can kill adults before they are spawned in large numbers. It has indirect control of larvae and can also treat disease. Insects such as rice leafminers and other pests. In addition, insecticides such as ciprofloxacin, herbivory crickets, and cilostachymol, etc. have good control effects on rice water weevil, rice borer borer, rice fly and other pests, and have low toxicity and safety to aquatic organisms. (2) Aircraft control Aircraft control methods are initiated when pests and diseases occur in large areas or in outbreaks, or where pests and diseases cannot be controlled artificially. Aircraft control of crop pests and diseases has the characteristics of rapid control, large area, and high benefits, and is suitable for the plain areas where crops are planted and obstacles are free of obstacles. Use "Yun 5" aircraft at wind speeds of less than 3 m/s, flight altitudes of 10 to 15 meters, operating speeds of 110 km/h, ultra-low or constant spraying techniques, and optional Bt, avermectin, and spray agents. Insects and other biological agents and low-toxic chemical pesticides.
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