Chinese culture nets Mycoplasma gallisepticum is prevalent in chicken farms around the world. According to serological surveys, the infection rate averaged between 79% and 80%. Factors affecting the prevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection, in addition to the pathogenicity of the mycoplasma itself, the age of the chicken is obviously a factor, and the chicken's infectivity with mycoplasma increases with age. Concurrent infections have a considerable impact on mycoplasma gallisepticum infection. Even a mycoplasma gallisepticum infection with a weak pathogenicity can often cause an outbreak of mycoplasma disease due to vaccination with Newcastle disease vaccine or infectious bronchitis vaccine.
Environmental factors also play an important role in the prevalence of mycoplasma infection in chickens. Crowding of chickens exacerbates the spread of pathogens, and crowding is a stress that reduces chicken resistance. The filthy house is contaminated and excrement is collected. The increase of ammonia in the air stimulates the respiratory mucosa and facilitates the development of mycoplasma.
Undernutrition can lead to the development of mycoplasma diseases. Mycoplasma transmission occurs mainly in two ways. It is a direct contact method. It is a small chicken or turkey infected with a bird that has been exhaled by a bird and spreads through the respiratory tract to the same cage. Another way is that the egg-borne pathogen is transmitted to the next generation through the eggs of infected chickens. This approach may be even more important. In some regions, especially in developing countries, regular chicken eggs are often used to produce poultry live vaccines. Egg-borne mycoplasma develops and contaminates vaccines in chick embryos. After vaccination, they are transmitted to vaccinated and inoculated. Chicken, this contaminated vaccine can not be ignored in the role of infection.
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