Red tilapia (red tilapia), also known as red tilapia in Guangdong, Hong Wu Guoyu in Taiwan, and red clover in Japan, are pure red because of their pure color, no black film in body cavity, fresh flesh, and rapid growth. , High yield, good efficiency, quite popular with consumers. In the world, including Israel, the United States, Thailand, the Philippines, and Taiwan, China has red tilapia culture. The earliest introduction of red tilapia in mainland China was in 1973. It was presented to China by Chinese people of Chinese descent and placed in the Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute. In 1981, red tilapia was reintroduced from Taiwan and breeding and aquaculture were promoted. In the early 1990s, the coastal shrimp farming industry was affected by diseases. Many shrimp ponds were idle. The use of shrimp ponds to raise red tilapia was valued by operators. The relevant departments introduced and selected different strains of red tilapia. Red tilapia cultivation was promoted and red tilapia has now become the main target for pond and cage culture of coastal and inland waters. For more than 10 years, we have introduced a variety of strains of red tilapia for breeding and aquaculture promotion. The biological characteristics and main cultured species of the fish are introduced as follows: 1. Biological characteristics 1. Body size, body color: Red tilapia is a hybrid variation in tilapia, and its heterozygosity is different in different regions and strains. Body color is pink, red, orange, orange, orange, etc., their offspring or isolated black; body type are Nile tilapia type, Onyx type, Mozambique fish type. 2. Living habits: Like other tilapia, red tilapia is a tropical wide-salinity fish that is hypoxic tolerant and has a low suffocation point. It can adapt to a wide range of salinity and can live at a salinity of 0-30 degrees. , Temperature range 15 ~ 38 °C, the lowest lethal temperature 7 °C, up to 42 °C. Food habits are omnivorous and vegetative. In nature, they are mainly phytoplankton. They also feed on zooplankton, benthic attached algae, oligochaetes, and organic debris. Artificial feeding can directly take bean cake, peanut cake, yellow powder, rice bran, corn flour, fish meal, and compound feed. 3. Growth and reproduction: Red tilapia grows fast and has large individuals. The seedlings of the year can grow to 150-750 grams. After 100 to 120 days, fry can reach sexual maturity. Individuals with sexual maturity have different strains. For example, 300 to 400 grams of the first mature individuals in Hongzhou and Hongqi are the most frequently spawned types. From 300 to 2000 tails, juveniles can be induced to convert by methyltestosterone to obtain a male rate of more than 95%. Second, the main domestic breeding species 1? Red Nile fish: The fish body type is similar to Nile tilapia, body color orange or orange, selected by the Pearl River Aquatic Research after rearing high, body thickness, rapid growth, red rate Up to 75%, when the individual growth of 175 to 250 grams. Although the red Nile fish is slightly slower, it is more resistant to stress and has fewer diseases. 2. Flower buds: Introduced from Taiwan, body size is similar to that of Nile tilapia, body color is red, orange red, orange, red and black, gray, etc., body color variation is large, but growth is faster than red nile fish, individual large At the beginning of the 1990s, it had attracted producers to breed, and was introduced by some seed production units as the original species for further breeding. However, the color separation rate of the offspring of the flower buds is high and they need to be purified and bred. 3. The rainbow trout: It is a red tilapia that was bred in several red tilapia strains in recent years. It is a red tilapia with a body size of pink, red or pink. It is mainly produced by Taiwan and Fujian. Breeding, the purified red tilapia red rate of 96% or more, there is a small head, back high, body thickness characteristics, compared to fast speed, large individuals, the initial maturity of more than 350 grams of individuals. However, seedlings develop about 10% to 15% of the discoloration rate. 4? Sin Chau Redfish: Red tilapia selected from South East Asian strains, such as Nile tilapia or Aoni, with high back, large and transparent scales, pink or orange color, 99% red color Above, and the offspring body color separation rate is small, the winter season of low-temperature fish or grayish, but the water temperature rises after a period of time can be reversible breeding into red. The fish has the longest fastest speed among the red tilapia, and the individuals are large. The fry can grow to 500 grams or more, and the sexually mature individuals reach 350 grams. The peritoneum is white and the meat is particularly tender. It is an excellent breeding breed worthy of promotion.
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