The Lukui is a cultivar with a stem and leaf as its product, and it is an annual twisted herb.
First, the morphological characteristics
The roots of the Lukui are well developed. The vines are 3 to 4 meters long, with strong branches and succulent stems. The leaves are broadly ovoid, single leaves alternate, and the leaves are smooth and fleshy. Inflorescences are spikes, open white flowers or purple flowers. Fruit spherical, purple-red, seed coat purple black.
Second, the environmental conditions
Lilium is resistant to high temperatures and humidity and it needs to be planted in loose sandy fertile soil. Seeds usually germinate at a temperature of about 25°C, and plant growth at a temperature of 25°C to 30°C. Wet soil is needed throughout the growing season. The individual varieties of Lukui are stricter in terms of high-temperature and short-day sunshine, and most species have strict requirements for sunshine.
Third, breeding methods
Lilium can be propagated with seeds, but it can also be grown with old stem cuttings. In the production, seeds are used for breeding, and seedlings are planted by drilling or spreading.
Fourth, appropriate sowing
When the temperature is above 20°C, it is generally possible to sow the seeds and cultivate them. The harvesting of the stalks, which mainly consist of harvesting stems and leaves, will enter the harvesting period about 50 days after sowing. It is generally planted in April and harvested in June.
V. Soil fertigation
Before planting, fertilize the soil first, and apply about 5,000 kilograms of rotten and high-quality coarse fat. After plowing, plowing will be done, and the width will be 1 to 1.2 meters. When planting in the spring, in order to increase the ground temperature, it is also possible to cover the roasted ground 1 week before sowing. When the local temperature is stable above 15°C, sowing can be done.
Six, soaking germination
Due to the thick and hard seed shell, the sow should be soaked before sowing. It can be soaked with 50°C water and soaked for 30 minutes, then soaked in warm water of 28°C～30°C for 4~6 hours, rinsed and moisturized and germinated at 30°C. When the seeds are white, they can be sown.
Seven, sowing techniques
1. Drilling. If the sowing method is used for sowing, you can first open the ditch in the ditch. The ditch depth is 2 to 3 cm, the ditch width is 10 to 15 cm, and the ditch is 20 cm. After sowing, flattened and slightly repressed. Press water to wet the surface with water.
2. Broadcasting. If sowing, you can first press the foot pouring water, after the water infiltration and then spread 0.5 cm thick fine soil, then sowing, sowing and then cover 1.5 to 2 cm thick fine soil, and then cover the plastic film insulation moisture. Generally after 3 to 5 days, it can emerge.
Eight, seedling management
After emergence, it is necessary to loosen soil and seedlings in time (seedlings can be transplanted and can also be eaten) and watered in proper amount during drought. To the 4 leaf stage, can be set or planting, hole spacing 15 to 20 cm, planting 2 to 3 plants per hole. In early spring and late autumn, the temperature is low, and the emergence is slow. After planting with a greenhouse or a small shed, it is generally not ventilated before emergence. If the temperature is low, cover straw at night in the shed to increase the temperature inside the shed. After emergence, keep the bed moist, the daytime temperature is above 20°C, and the nighttime temperature is not lower than 15°C.
IX. Management after planting
After planting and easing seedlings, the fertilizer should be topped with water, and 10 mu of urea and 5 kg of compound fertilizer should be applied with water. After the rain, it should be drained in time. It is advisable to water the well well in time after the hot rain in summer. We must keep the soil moist in the vegetable weir, and we must chase the fertilizer one time in the first two weeks before harvesting. After that, we must chase the weeds in time and collect the fertilizer and water one time. For creeping climbing species, watering racks can be placed after easing the seedlings. For fallen sunflower plants that do not retain seed, the stems should be removed promptly to promote stem and leaf growth and increase yield.
Ten, prevention and treatment of diseases.
1. Fallen purple spot (also known as snake eye disease). Lepidoptera purpurea is harmful to the leaves, and the purple leaves of the diseased leaves have round chloasma. The dents in the middle of the lesions are thin and easy to perforate, resembling the eyes of snakes. In severe cases, the purpura is full of leaves. Prevention and control measures: strengthen field management, timely prevention of waterlogging and sputum spray, spraying 75% chlorothalonil WP 800 times solution or 50% sulfacin WP 1800 times; in order to increase plant disease resistance, increase phosphorus, Potash.
2. Fallen sunflower gray mold. L. cinerea damage leaves and stems. The diseased leaves have water-stained spots that gradually develop and cause the leaves to rot and rot, and have gray mold. Stem infected, there are water-like light Green spots, diseased stems easily collapsed and rot, and have gray mold. Prevention and control measures: Strengthen field management, apply high-quality coarse-grained fertilizer, strengthen cultivating loose soil, buckle mulch, or support small sheds, strengthen insulation, and prevent high humidity. At the early stage of disease, 5% chlorothalonil dust may be sprayed in the shed or sprayed with 1200-400 times of 5% quickening WP.
Eleven, timely harvest
The harvest of the Lukui is generally at the plant height
20 to 25 centimeters when harvesting stem leaves, leaving only the base of the stem 3 leaves, in order to promote the bud shoots new shoots. Picking tender stems and leaves should be carried out when no dewdrops are selected, and can be picked in advance on rainy days. For dense branches and branches, there are dendritic vines, which can be squatted from the stem base to achieve the purpose of ventilation and light transmission. In the condition of temperature higher than 25 °C, generally every 10 to 15 days harvested once, or each time to adopt large and small, continuous harvest, the general yield of 2000 to 3000 kilograms per mu.
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