First, thinning fruit, set fruit
The first thinning of fruit begins 15-20 days after flowering, mainly removing deformed fruit, disease and fruit, small fruit, ear fruit, stale fruit, excessive fruits, etc., and the amount of thinning fruit is relatively large. According to practical experience, the light in the update area is poor, and it is also responsible for the cultivation of the parent tree in the following year. Therefore, the fruit product rate is relatively low and the fruit can be focused on the inside of the canopy. After the pollination, the young fruit of kiwifruit grows rapidly and the consumption of nutrients is very large. The timely sparse removal of fruit can save nutrients, concentrate the cultivation of high-quality fruits, and improve the commodity and commodity rate.
The fruit setting (generally called the second fruit thinning) is mainly before the young fruit bagging, and the time is about 35 to 40 days after flowering. After a month's growth, there will be a certain gap between the size of the fruits. At this time, we must eliminate the fruits that cannot keep up with growth and improve the uniformity of fruit growth. The fruit thinning amount is relatively small, and the output is determined directly. The amount of retained fruit is determined based on the tree vigor and the estimated yield per mu. It is estimated that the yield per mu divided by the weight of the single fruit is the amount of fruit per mu. According to the tree vigor, there will be slightly more weak trees. Slightly less.
Second, dipping fruit, bagging
The swelling agent is used in many other fruit trees, such as grapes. The original intention of using bulking agents is to improve the quality of the fruit (not only appearance but also intrinsic). The first must pay attention to the concentration; the second fertilizer and water management must keep up; one week before the fruit soaking must be fertilized and irrigation (when the rainfall is insufficient), to ensure the nutrients and moisture supply needed for rapid fruit growth after fruit dipping, otherwise the fruit enlargement Fast, nutrient and moisture cannot directly lead to hollow and poor taste.
Fruit bagging, in general, the fruit flavor of sun-gardening is better than bagging fruit, but in order to ensure the appearance quality of fruit, it is very common for fruit bagging. Before the bagging, the whole garden should be protected against a single disease. When bagging, care should be taken not to injure the fruit handle to avoid fruit drop, and at the same time to leave enough room for fruit growth.
Third, shelf management
Entering the summer means the beginning of cumbersome summer shelf management work. It is mainly to take care of the buds and to control the length and length of branches. First, aim at the result branches, the branches around the crown, after the first 3~5 leaves of the uppermost fruit, topping or pinching (it is said that the relative picking can effectively control the germination of lateral buds), and control the vegetative growth; the results of the next year The branch renewal area) allows it to grow freely, and the tip of the shoot tip becomes thin when it is wound.
The buds were then wiped off selectively against germinating shoots. Buds germinated on the outer branches of the tree crown were all erased; the sprouts of the main trunk and the two vine-tree-shaped triangle areas were all erased; the seedlings sprouted out of the ground were all erased. The buds growing on the main vines and near the main vines are preserved. After they grow to a certain extent, they are picked up and thickened. The weak buds can be picked up and the buds can be picked up or plucked again, while the buds are not the same.
Lastly, for the internal branch, the leggy shoots may be buds buds later, retaining 2 to 3 centimeters of heavy topping and promoting lateral buds to grow into secondary shoots (ideal mediocre branches). Here is the same reason as the twig trimming process described in the winter cut video. At the time, it was said that for the buddhist branches, it is not advocated to cut from the base, but to leave one or two buds very heavily retracted.
All in all, the closer to the main vine bud, the more you have to find ways to use it, so as to reserve more possibilities for the subsequent update of the main branch.
Fourth, the use of "expanded fruit fertilizer" after flowering
In the nutrient distribution of flowering fruit tree, with the growth and reproduction of the fruit, the proportion of reproductive growth will gradually increase, and the nutrient consumption will be more. The demand for mineral nutrients is more phosphorus and potassium than nitrogen, and the demand for trace elements in the nutrient will increase. The post-flower swelling fertilizer application scheme is mainly based on low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus and high-potassium fertilizers, supplemented by calcium, boron and iron (according to the actual conditions) and other fertilizers.
In particular, if fruit orchards are immersed in fruit, they must be replenished in a timely manner. No matter how late the nutrition can keep up with the speed of fruit expansion, it will have a great influence on the taste of the fruit and it will be hollow. Pay attention to a small amount of fertilizer is appropriate.
Fifth, male tree pruning
Male trees should be recut in time after pollination to improve the ventilation and light transmission of the racks, cut excessively dense and thin branches, and properly retract the extensional crowns. For male trees, it is generally advisable not to perform winter cuts or winter cuts, and to emphasize summer cuts. After pollination, heavy cuts can effectively promote the development of tinea chinensis. If they are not pruned or trimmed late, they will germinate on the branches that have already bloomed. Thin and weak branches.
VI. Frozen Tree Management
This point is mainly for some of the orchards affected by late frost in the Shaanxi-producing areas in April. At that time, the frozen orchards had germinated. Since the germination position is uncertain, attention should be paid to the work of wiping buds. According to the botany, the organic nutrients are generally transported from the top of the morphology to the bottom of the morphology. For fruit trees with buds to yield, it is recommended that buds in the upper part of the buds can retain fruit, while the bottom buds in the lower part of the buds may not be reversed. Nutrient fruits.
For germination buds, it is mainly considered from two aspects: whether it is going to stay or not, one is whether the bud can achieve the function of fruit-keeping, and the other is whether the bud can be used as the mother branch of the next year. It mainly depends on what the budding budding from Xin Meng can do. Others follow the management of normal trees.
In addition, fruit trees for frostbite should pay attention to control the amount of fruit to balance vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and do not perform pruning (which may cause excessive growth of leggy shoots). If there is no reproductive growth balance, then the growth of the next summer fruit tree is very large, much larger than needed to restore the tree potential.
VII. Pest Control
After flowering, it is used for 1 or 2 times to prevent various leaf spot diseases, insect pests and root rot. For chafers and other pests, insect traps can be used for manual killing; for root rot, summer rainfall, pay attention to do a good job of irrigation and drainage work, improve the soil environment; other leaf spot spray fungicide control, pay attention to brown spot prevention. The specific drug regimen and the frequency of spraying will be determined according to the actual conditions of the orchard, focusing on the control of brown spot and root rot.
Eight, weeding grass management
The weeding weeds the weeds. Weeding around the tree trays, especially the small trees try to choose manual weeding, because kiwifruit is very sensitive to herbicides. If weeds grow properly, weeds can be weeded with small mowers. For some orchards with less or less grass, green manure can be planted between rows to prevent sunburn in summer and cause burns to fruit trees. In general, the orchard must have grass, and it must focus on controlling the growth and the number of grasses, and further decide whether to weed or grow grass.
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