One, holding the steering wheel feels fluttering
The steering wheel of the locomotive floats, which is caused by the front wheel “swinging†the head of the vehicle while driving. When the driving speed reaches a certain level, the reason why the steering wheel flickers or trembles may be: (1) the front rim is improperly corrected; (2) the repair of the tire or rim causes the dynamic balance of the assembly to be destroyed; (3) the steering mechanism (4) The parts of the drive shaft assembly are loosened and the dynamic balance is destroyed; (5) The rigidity of the leaf spring is inconsistent, and the shock absorber fails.
Second, the hand felt numb when holding the steering wheel
When the locomotive was traveling at a speed above mid-speed, there was a periodic sound of the chassis, and even the door of the cab shook, the steering wheel had a strong sense of vibration, and even the hands were numb. This is due to the destruction of the dynamic balance of the directional drive and the excessive wear of the drive shaft and its splined shaft and splined sleeve.
Third, the steering wheel difficult to manipulate
When the locomotive is running or braking, it will produce automatic deviation. In order to ensure straight-line driving, the steering wheel must be firmly gripped. The main causes of such failures are: (1) uneven loading on both sides of the locomotive; (2) large difference in wheelbase between the left and right sides; (3) inconsistent clearance between the two front wheel hub bearings; (4) two front tires Different specifications or inconsistent air pressure; (5) The brake clearance on one side is too small or the brake hub is out of round, causing the brake to send cards or brakes to be stagnant; (6) The steel plate springs on both sides are different in the degree of camber or different in spring force; (7) ) The first two rounds of kingpin caster or wheel camber are not equal.
Fourth, the locomotive turns heavy
The main causes of such failures are: (1) Insufficient inflation pressure of tires, especially low tire pressure before the locomotive; (2) Improper adjustment of front tows of locomotives; (3) Adjustment of ball-nose adjustment of longitudinal trailing rods and tie rods Excessive tightness or lack of oil; (4) Bending and deformation of the front axle or frame; (5) Bending of the steering shaft and casing, causing seizure; (6) Overtightness of rolling bearings and sliding bearings in various parts of the steering system, or bearing lubrication bad.
V. Failure of brake failure in hydraulic brake system
This fault can be judged using the foot sensation method. Its method is:
(1) If there is no abnormality when the brake pedal is depressed when the locomotive is parked, a road test may be conducted while the locomotive is in motion; if the steering wheel feels obvious “handle†in the road test, it indicates that the individual wheels are not braked properly. It is caused by poor or improper adjustment of the friction plates, brake drums, and brake cams of individual wheel brakes, and is generally independent of hydraulic brake lines.
(2) Use your foot on the brake pedal to check its free travel. If the free travel is too large, adjust it.
(3) If the free stroke of the brake pedal meets the requirements, the brake pedal can be depressed. If the brake pedal can step to the lowest position without resistance, and still feels no power when stepping a few feet, the position of the brake pedal cannot be increased. This indicates that the cause of the malfunction is that there is no oil in the brake master cylinder or the ventilation hole is blocked. Wait. At this point, fill the tank with brake fluid and clear the vent.
(4) Braking system equipped with fast self-tightening joints (such as the hydraulic braking system of a tractor trailer), braking is effective if a brake pedal is slowly depressed, and braking is disabled when a brake pedal is quickly depressed (a pedal is hard )The phenomenon. The explanation is due to the improper adjustment of the two springs at the fast self-tightening joints or at the joints. In this way, when the brake pedal is pressed swiftly, the generated oil pressure is high, so that the connector steel ball is self-locked and the brake fluid cannot pass through. At this point, the quick self-tightening joint should be reassembled, and the spring force of the oil end joint spring should be adjusted properly.
(5) If the foot is released after depressing the brake pedal, if the brake assembly cannot return to the position, and the master pump emits a sound of “bashing or flappingâ€, it means that the brake master cylinder has been knocked over. At this point, the new skin should be re-assembled or replaced.
(6) If the brake pedal can be stepped to the end, but feels the pedal position to increase after even a few feet, the free stroke becomes smaller, and when the brake pedal is depressed again at intervals, the pedal can be stepped to the end. Explain that the residual pressure in the brake line is too low, which may be caused by the poor sealing of the return valve. Should be repaired or replaced.
(7) If the brake feels a small free stroke when the brake pedal is depressed quickly, the brake is invalid; while when the brake pedal is slowly depressed, the free stroke is felt to be large and the brake is invalid. This means that the brake cup is worn out, and when the brake pedal is slowly depressed, the brake fluid flows back to the rear chamber of the piston through the wear. At this point, the brake skin wrist should be replaced.
(8) If the brake pedal is depressed, it feels very hard, even if it does not move, it indicates that the brake fluid viscosity is too large, or the pipe wall fouling is too thick, or brake fluid mixed with other refined oil, so that the total pump skin The bowl swelled, deformed, and stuck. At this point, the brake fluid or master cylinder should be replaced and the pipe cleaned.
(9) When the brake pedal is depressed to the end and the pedal position is not moved, if the pedal is continuously moved downwards, it indicates that there is a leakage phenomenon in the brake pipe. After the external inspection of the non-leakage part, the inspection system should be emphasized. Whether the cylinder of the master cylinder or brake cylinder is damaged. Damaged skins should be replaced.
(10) If the brake pedal is depressed and feels soft and elastic, it indicates that the brake fluid has infiltrated air. At this time, you should unscrew the bleeder plug and vent it as required by the instructions.
(11) When the locomotive is in motion, no matter whether it is one brake or several consecutive brakes, there is no brake effect when the brake pedal is depressed. The reason for this is that the main pump or the sub-pump is damaged or overturned; the brake pipe is severely broken or the joint is disjointed, causing no brake fluid in the main pump. At this time, repair or replacement should be given according to the specific circumstances.
(12) When the brake pedal is relaxed, all or individual wheels still have a braking effect. It indicates that the braking effect cannot be completely relieved. The main reasons are: 1 The brake pedal does not have a free stroke or the return spring is dropped, broken or too soft; 2 The brake pedal shaft is rusted, making the return difficult; 3 The main pump or subpump bulge, the piston is deformed or is Dirty adhesion; 4 friction plate and the brake drum clearance is too small; 5 brake return spring too soft or broken; 6 brake shoes can not be free to turn on the support pin; 7 tubing concave, plug to make poor oil return ;8 The brake fluid is too dirty and the viscosity is too high.
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