Chestnut Needed Fertilizer Characteristics and Fertilization Points

Needed fertilizer characteristics Chestnut is the same as other fruit trees in fertilizer requirements. The difference is that in addition to the three essential elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, it is particularly sensitive to magnesium and a small amount of elemental manganese and boron, such as lack or deficiency, it will be serious. The physiological barriers affect growth and development. According to the determination, chestnut is a fruit tree with high manganese content. The normal growth and development of the tree leaves manganese content of 1000 ~ 2500 mg / kg, if less than 1000 mg / kg, the emergence of yellow leaves, growth was blocked. If there is a lack of magnesium or insufficient supply, there will be chlorosis between veins, and the faded part will turn brown and die. Since boron is an important element that promotes pollen germination, pollen tube growth, and ovary development, the lack of boron in the soil can lead to the appearance of empty haze. According to the survey, the effective chestnut content in the soil is 0.56 to 0.87 mg/kg chestnut plant, the results are normal, the emptying rate is only 3% to 6.9%, and the chestnut orchard content is 0.2 to 0.4 mg/kg, the yield is very low, and the emptying rate is low. It is as high as 44% to 81%. Meiling Village, Dongling Township, Jianchuan County continues to grow roots. When planting chestnut, 100 grams of Boron is added to the base fertilizer per plant. After planting, 350 times Borax Water is sprayed once a year in June. Boron's earlier two-year results. The demand for NPK is large and the absorption period varies. The absorption of nitrogen is long and the time is long. From the germination of the bud to the harvest of the fruit, it is continuously absorbed. The absorption of the fruit during the period of rapid expansion is the most, and it gradually decreases after harvesting. Phosphorus absorption time is relatively stable from flowering to pre-harvest, but the absorption is small and the absorption time is shorter than nitrogen and potassium. Phosphorus, however, is extremely important for the results performance and yield of chestnuts. It was determined that the available phosphorus content in Shufeng orchard during the fruit period was as high as 20.18 to 27.00 mg/kg, and the content of phosphorus in shoots was as high as 2,420 mg/kg; The content is only 1 to 9 mg/kg, and the phosphorus content in shoots is as low as 1360 mg/kg. The effect of phosphorus on the level of production is obvious. Phosphorus is an important substance that promotes flower bud differentiation, fruit development, seed maturation and enhanced quality. Potassium absorbed a small amount from before flowering, gradually increased after flowering, absorbed most during the fruit's hypertrophy period, and drastically decreased after harvesting. This shows that in the annual growth cycle, from the differentiation of male flowers in early spring to flowering and fruit setting, the requirement of nitrogen is the most, potassium is the next, and phosphorus is less; after flowering to the fruit enlargement phase, the requirement of phosphorus is the most, followed by nitrogen and potassium. Fruits are harvested from the period of hypertrophy, with the most potassium, followed by nitrogen and less phosphorus. Fertilization points Saplings younger than 7 years old, in accordance with the principle of “diligence, light use, less quantity, less first, more plentiful, lighter first, higher concentration”, the interval between fertilization should be shorter, the concentration should be lighter, and the number of times should be higher. The amount of fertilizer is less, as the age increases, the number of decrements increases. Usually 1 to 3 years old, from the beginning of February to the end of May, apply once-available nitrogen fertilizer every 40 to 45 days. Every time the maturity of each plant is 15 to 20 kg of urine or 20 to 30 grams of urea to promote the germination of leaves and leaves. Grow. From the beginning of June to the end of August, apply NPK fertilizer once every 40 to 45 days, and apply 30 to 40 grams of compound fertilizer per plant at a time to promote the growth and maturity of branch shoots. 4 to 7 years old trees, top dressing every two months from February to August, still with early nitrogen, potassium, phosphorous again, in the middle and late stage NPK compound fertilizer, but the amount of fertilizer should be with the age of Increase year by year and increase simultaneously. The proportion of N, P and K applied throughout the year is preferably 1:0.7:0.8. Each year in April and June each spray 300 to 350 times borax water, promoting its early production. After entering the fourth year of growth, full-ring ditch or semi-ring ditch is applied to extend the base fertilizer. Big tree results The big trees should be fertilized three times a year. The annual ratio of N, P and K required is about 1:0.85:0.9. 1 Before flowering before flowering, flowering manure is applied in combination with irrigating spring water, and each plant has 100 to 120 kilograms of manure excrement and urea 350 to 400 g per plant to promote leafing and flowering of hair, and improve Fruit setting and yield. 2 The strong fruit fertilizer is applied during the rapid expansion of the fruit, and 800-1000 grams of NPK compound fertilizer is applied per plant to promote fruit development and improve quality. 3 Basal fertilizer is the basic fertilizer for the whole growth and development of chestnuts. It requires complete elements, coordinated proportions, large amount of fertilizer, high concentration, and timely application. Fertilizer manure, compost, earth miscellaneous manure, waste manure, sugar mud, green manure, and cake manure that are tanned can be used, including red soil or yellow soil where available phosphorus is low and boron is low, and appropriate chemical fertilizer and borax are applied. The trees with moderate tree vigor, medium fertility, and more results each have 80 to 100 kg of perishable manure, 3 to 4 kg of superphosphate and 100 g of Borax. The best application is from September to October after fruit picking. Methods: Half-ring grooves, radiation grooves, fan-shaped pits, and strip-shaped grooves are used. The roots have been covered with trees in the whole garden, and they are buried and buried in rows or in the whole garden. In addition, regardless of small trees and trees, in the growing period of May to July, should be combined with pest control pesticides, adding manganese, magnesium mixed spray to supplement the trace fertilizer, the concentration of manganese sulfate 3500 times, magnesium sulfate 2500 ~ 3000 times. Borax is sprayed at full bloom, preferably from 300 to 350 times. (Yunnan Agricultural University)

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