Scientific application of urea

The application of urea should follow ten aspects of the technical point, which can save economic costs and can exert the fertilizer's fertilizer efficiency. (1) Priority should be given to the consideration of the main crops when they are applied, and crops with larger area and higher economic value (such as wheat and corn) should be considered first. For buckwheat and other minor crops, they can be appropriate according to their own economic conditions. Less or even not applied, targeted production of fertilizers to increase production. (2) It is suitable for basal fertilizer or top-dressing urea, which is suitable for base fertilizer and top-dressing, and is generally not used as seed fertilizer. Because urea easily destroys the structure of the protein and denatures the protein, it affects the germination of the seed and the growth of the root system of the seedling, which can cause the seed to lose its ability to germinate when severe. (3) Use as autumn fertilizer For dry land, the effect of urea fall application is much better than that of spring application. According to relevant experiments, under the same conditions, autumn planting can increase the utilization rate of urea by more than 10.8% over the spring season. If urea is used, then the application of organic fertilizers and other fertilizers will have better results. (4), used as top-dressing urea is an amide fertilizer, is organic, neutral, does not contain accessory components, has very small burns to stems and leaves of crops, small urea molecules, easily enters cells through the cell membrane; urea itself has hygroscopicity Sex is easy to be absorbed by the leaves. When the urea penetrates into the leaves, the plasmolysis is less likely to occur. Even if it occurs, it will recover quickly. So urea as top dressing is better than other nitrogen fertilizers. The concentration and time of urea spraying outside the root varies with the type of crop. Under normal circumstances, each application of urea 0.5-2.5 kg; once every 4-5 days, 2-3 times. (5) After applying topdressing urea into the soil, it will be firstly hydrolyzed into ammonium bicarbonate by the action of soil microorganisms before it can be absorbed by the crop roots. Therefore, it should be pursued in advance. (6) The final product of deep urea decomposition in soil is ammonium carbonate. Ammonium carbonate is very unstable and decomposes in the soil or on the soil surface to form free ammonia, which is easy to volatilize. Therefore, when applying urea, the soil should be deeply placed. Generally about 10 cm. (7) Use urea as moisture-absorbing material as possible after rain. When applying topdressing in dryland, try to arrange it after rain so that the fertilizer dissolves quickly and is absorbed by the soil. At the same time, some fertilizers can also be absorbed through the leaves to increase fertilizer efficiency and reduce losses. (8) In the morning or evening, like other nitrogen fertilizers, urea application time should be in the morning or evening, preferably after rain or cloudy days, and avoid using in sunny (or noon) high temperatures. (9)Utilizing urea with other chemical fertilizers is a unit fertilizer, which should be used in combination with phosphate fertilizers or other fertilizers. This will not only meet the needs of crops for various nutrients, but also help the fertilizers. (10) Applying organic fertilizers together with urea and organic fertilizers is an effective measure to increase the efficiency of urea fertilizers. It can be used to supplement each other's strengths, reduce urgency, improve efficiency, save fertilizers, promote microbial activity, improve crop nutrient conditions, and reduce production. Cost, increase production, increase income, etc., thereby increasing the economic efficiency of fertilizers. Farmyard manure is best with high quality pig manure. Under normal circumstances, the ratio of urea to pig manure is 1:1.9.

The use of urea tetrahedral: a bogey alone application of the ideal method is to apply organic fertilizer first, and then the urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride and other fertilizers rational formula application; bogey and ammonium bicarbonate mixed urea applied to the soil, to The conversion to ammonia is absorbed by the crop, and its conversion rate is much slower under alkaline conditions than under acidic conditions. After ammonium bicarbonate was applied to the soil, the reaction was alkaline and the pH was 8.2-8.4. The combination of ammonium bicarbonate and urea will greatly slow down the conversion of urea to ammonia, which can easily lead to the loss of pyrolysin and loss of volatiles. Therefore, urea and ammonium bicarbonate should not be mixed or applied at the same time; 3 bogey on surface application of urea is spread on the surface of the earth, at room temperature, it takes 4 to 5 days of conversion process to be absorbed by the crop, most of the nitrogen is volatilized during the ammonium process The utilization rate is only about 30%. If it is applied to soils with high contents of alkaline soil and organic matter, the loss of nitrogen will be more. Therefore, nitrogen can not be spread on the surface; the four avoid application of urea immediately after irrigation urea is an amine nitrogen fertilizer, must be converted into ammonia nitrogen after application can be absorbed and utilized by the crop.

In the conversion process, due to different conditions such as soil quality, moisture, and temperature, the time will vary. It usually takes 2 to 10 days to complete. If urea is applied immediately after irrigation or dry land is applied before heavy rain, urea will be lost immediately. Scientific use of microbiological fertilizers Microbiological fertilizers refer to specific products containing active microorganisms. Apply it to agricultural production to obtain a specific fertilizer supply. There is an essential difference between him and micro-fertilizer. The former is a living life, and the latter is a mineral element.

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