When a certain part of the diesel engine fails, abnormal noise often accompanies the operation of the engine. When the diesel engine is in the operating state, its "unique noise" is varied and complex, it is hard to distinguish, and it often brings many troubles to mechanical maintenance personnel, thereby prolonging the maintenance time. However, as long as the maintenance process pays attention to summarizing and mastering the regularity, it is possible to recognize the noise caused by the increase of the gap due to wear: if the small parts collide, the pitch is high, the amount is weak, crisp, sharp and short Large parts collide, then the tone is low; small parts collide with large parts, then the sound is like a small hammer hammer drill; bearing and shaft collision, the sound is dull and dumb. The characteristics and identification methods of several common abnormal sounds are as follows. (1) When the diesel engine abruptly changes its load, a short "blank, empty, and empty" blunt and percussive sound can be clearly heard in the vicinity of the crankcase (in the middle to the lower part of the cylinder block), and with increasing load or speed Sharp changes, louder noise, open the oil cover can be heard more clearly, when no load is not obvious. This is because the excessive wear of the connecting rod causes the joint clearance between the connecting rod and the crankshaft connecting rod journal to be too large; if a certain diesel engine cylinder is cut off, if the abnormal sound disappears immediately, it means the connecting rod of the cylinder. ring. (2) When the diesel engine has a heavy and continuous knocking sound in the lower part of its crankcase, the sound at a low speed is clearly identifiable, and the heavy load is more pronounced. At the same time, the oil pressure decreases, which is caused by the excessive clearance of the main shaft of the crankshaft; When the engine suddenly changes the speed at low speed, a "bang and click" sound is generated at the upper part of the cylinder, which is caused by the excessive clearance between the piston pin and the connecting rod bushing or the piston pin seat. If the engine is running at a high speed, the "squeaking and squeaking" squeaking sound is particularly severe when the throttle is abruptly reduced. This is caused by the large axial clearance of the main bearing bush; the loud and boring sound is heard over the entire length of the cylinder. The open and empty knocking sounds, and the presence of air bubbles (explaining air leakage) when opening the oil filler cap, is caused by the excessive clearance between the piston and the cylinder sleeve; if the crankshaft is slightly in the same position When you hear the “bang, bang, and bang†percussion sound, it is the percussion sound that the connecting rod twists and causes it to sway in the work. The latter two sounds are more clearly heard when changing the rotation speed, and are easier to distinguish; along the cylinder Above and below, there are sounds like a small hammer hitting a piece of iron. The diesel exhaust pipe emits blue smoke (with burning oil phenomenon). It is easier to hear with a long-handled screwdriver against the cylinder. Piston ring backlash is too large or the ring is broken. (3) When the front side of the engine and the timing gear chamber emit a rhythmic "click, crash" sound, the sound is louder when running at low speed, which is caused by the excessive wear gap of the timing gear shaft and bushing; when the diesel engine is idling, When the gear room and the camshaft side give off a rhythmic “pull and pull†sound, the sound is more prominent at middle and low speeds, becomes cluttered and broken at high speeds, and if the noise increases during heavy loads, this is a timing. If the gear meshing gap is too large, the tooth surfaces will collide with each other, or the knocking sound that causes the two gears to mesh with each other after the bush wears; the vibration of the diesel engine during operation will be violent and difficult to operate. This is a sign of the timing gear being misplaced or balanced. The weight of the block is not correct, or the bearing of the balance shaft is seriously worn. (4) At the cylinder head, sounds “嚓, åš“, and 嚓†are emitted, along with “气æµ, 嘘, 嘘†airflow sounds. When the engine is about to turn off, the sound is more pronounced. This is the seat after the valve seat is loosened. The sound between the valve and the cylinder head; near the injector in the upper part of the engine, he hears the heavier “bang and bang†impact sound and changes with the rotation speed, and the start and combustion are not normal. This may be caused by the falling of the vortex chamber; when the diesel engine in the valve outside the housing emits a crack like a broken tile, or like two springs hit the sound, while the exhaust pipe is interrupted The sound of explosions, unstable diesel engines, and black smoke are caused by the breakage of the valve springs. In the joints between the cylinder head and the body, rough and sharp “嘘, 嘘, 嘘†sounds are emitted, along with helium. , smoke phenomenon, this is due to the cylinder gasket is damaged; if you hear the "buzzing, squeaking, squeaking" sound at the air filter, and the diesel engine is difficult to start, or after running for some time to touch the air intake pipe Feeling hot, most of these are valve burns (eclipses , There is carbon deposition, lax sealing, and leakage; due to the engine running, low “dangling, jingle†and “squeaking, squeaking†noises are generated, and the sound is much louder than the main shaft gap, especially the sudden change of speed. When the sound is louder, this is due to loosening of the flywheel tightening nut.
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